Calculation of eigenvalues of Sturm–Liouville equation for simulating hydrodynamic soliton generated by a piston wave maker

This paper focuses on the mathematical study of the existence of solitary gravity waves (solitons) and their characteristics (amplitude, velocity, [Formula: see text] ) generated by a piston wave maker lying upstream of a horizontal channel. The mathematical model requires both incompressibility condition, irrotational flow of no viscous fluid and Lagrange coordinates. By using both the inverse scattering method and a given initial potential [Formula: see text] we can transform the KdV equation into Sturm–Liouville spectral problem. The latter problem amounts to find negative discrete eigenvalues [Formula: see text] and associated eigenfunctions [Formula: see text] , where each calculated eigenvalue [Formula: see text] gives a soliton and the profile of the free surface. For solving this problem, we can use the Runge–Kutta method. For illustration, two examples of the wave maker movement are proposed. The numerical simulations show that the perturbation of wave maker with hyperbolic tangent displacement under physical conditions affect the number of solitons emitted.