Cargando…

An Acute Respiratory Infection of a Physiologically Anemic Infant is a More Likely Cause of SIDS than Neurological Prematurity

INTRODUCTION: The cause of the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is perhaps the oldest of unsolved mysteries of medicine, possibly dating back to Exodus in Biblical times when Egyptian children died in their sleep as if from a plague. It occurs when infants die unexpectedly with no sufficient caus...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Mage, David T., Latorre, Maria Luisa, Jenik, Alejandro G., Donner, E. Maria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4993813/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27602017
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2016.00129
_version_ 1782449198398963712
author Mage, David T.
Latorre, Maria Luisa
Jenik, Alejandro G.
Donner, E. Maria
author_facet Mage, David T.
Latorre, Maria Luisa
Jenik, Alejandro G.
Donner, E. Maria
author_sort Mage, David T.
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: The cause of the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is perhaps the oldest of unsolved mysteries of medicine, possibly dating back to Exodus in Biblical times when Egyptian children died in their sleep as if from a plague. It occurs when infants die unexpectedly with no sufficient cause of death found in a forensic autopsy, including death scene investigation and review of medical history. That SIDS is an X-linked recessive death from infectious respiratory disease of a physiologically anemic infant and not a simple anomalous cardiac or neurological condition is an extraordinary claim that requires extraordinary evidence. If it were by a simple cause, it would have already been solved, with over 11,000 papers on SIDS listed now in PubMed. Our aim is to use mathematical models of SIDS to explain: (1) its 50% excess male death rate; (2) its 4-parameter lognormal distribution of ages at death; (3) its winter maxima and summer minima; and (4) its increasing rate with live-birth order. METHODS: From extensive SIDS vital statistics data and published epidemiologic studies, we developed probability models to explain the mathematical behavior of SIDS meeting the four constraints mentioned above. We, then, compare these SIDS properties to infant death from acute respiratory infection (ARI), and infant death from encephalopathy, unspecified (EU). RESULTS: Comparisons show that SIDS are congruent with ARI and are not consistent with EU and that these probability models not only fit the SIDS data but they also predict and fit the male fraction of all infant and child mortality from birth through the first 5 years of their life. CONCLUSION: SIDS are not rejected as an X-linked disease involving ARI and are not explained by a triple risk model that has been commonly accepted by the SIDS medical community, as implicating a neurological causation process in a subset of SIDS.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4993813
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2016
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-49938132016-09-06 An Acute Respiratory Infection of a Physiologically Anemic Infant is a More Likely Cause of SIDS than Neurological Prematurity Mage, David T. Latorre, Maria Luisa Jenik, Alejandro G. Donner, E. Maria Front Neurol Neuroscience INTRODUCTION: The cause of the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is perhaps the oldest of unsolved mysteries of medicine, possibly dating back to Exodus in Biblical times when Egyptian children died in their sleep as if from a plague. It occurs when infants die unexpectedly with no sufficient cause of death found in a forensic autopsy, including death scene investigation and review of medical history. That SIDS is an X-linked recessive death from infectious respiratory disease of a physiologically anemic infant and not a simple anomalous cardiac or neurological condition is an extraordinary claim that requires extraordinary evidence. If it were by a simple cause, it would have already been solved, with over 11,000 papers on SIDS listed now in PubMed. Our aim is to use mathematical models of SIDS to explain: (1) its 50% excess male death rate; (2) its 4-parameter lognormal distribution of ages at death; (3) its winter maxima and summer minima; and (4) its increasing rate with live-birth order. METHODS: From extensive SIDS vital statistics data and published epidemiologic studies, we developed probability models to explain the mathematical behavior of SIDS meeting the four constraints mentioned above. We, then, compare these SIDS properties to infant death from acute respiratory infection (ARI), and infant death from encephalopathy, unspecified (EU). RESULTS: Comparisons show that SIDS are congruent with ARI and are not consistent with EU and that these probability models not only fit the SIDS data but they also predict and fit the male fraction of all infant and child mortality from birth through the first 5 years of their life. CONCLUSION: SIDS are not rejected as an X-linked disease involving ARI and are not explained by a triple risk model that has been commonly accepted by the SIDS medical community, as implicating a neurological causation process in a subset of SIDS. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-08-23 /pmc/articles/PMC4993813/ /pubmed/27602017 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2016.00129 Text en Copyright © 2016 Mage, Latorre, Jenik and Donner. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Mage, David T.
Latorre, Maria Luisa
Jenik, Alejandro G.
Donner, E. Maria
An Acute Respiratory Infection of a Physiologically Anemic Infant is a More Likely Cause of SIDS than Neurological Prematurity
title An Acute Respiratory Infection of a Physiologically Anemic Infant is a More Likely Cause of SIDS than Neurological Prematurity
title_full An Acute Respiratory Infection of a Physiologically Anemic Infant is a More Likely Cause of SIDS than Neurological Prematurity
title_fullStr An Acute Respiratory Infection of a Physiologically Anemic Infant is a More Likely Cause of SIDS than Neurological Prematurity
title_full_unstemmed An Acute Respiratory Infection of a Physiologically Anemic Infant is a More Likely Cause of SIDS than Neurological Prematurity
title_short An Acute Respiratory Infection of a Physiologically Anemic Infant is a More Likely Cause of SIDS than Neurological Prematurity
title_sort acute respiratory infection of a physiologically anemic infant is a more likely cause of sids than neurological prematurity
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4993813/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27602017
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2016.00129
work_keys_str_mv AT magedavidt anacuterespiratoryinfectionofaphysiologicallyanemicinfantisamorelikelycauseofsidsthanneurologicalprematurity
AT latorremarialuisa anacuterespiratoryinfectionofaphysiologicallyanemicinfantisamorelikelycauseofsidsthanneurologicalprematurity
AT jenikalejandrog anacuterespiratoryinfectionofaphysiologicallyanemicinfantisamorelikelycauseofsidsthanneurologicalprematurity
AT donneremaria anacuterespiratoryinfectionofaphysiologicallyanemicinfantisamorelikelycauseofsidsthanneurologicalprematurity
AT magedavidt acuterespiratoryinfectionofaphysiologicallyanemicinfantisamorelikelycauseofsidsthanneurologicalprematurity
AT latorremarialuisa acuterespiratoryinfectionofaphysiologicallyanemicinfantisamorelikelycauseofsidsthanneurologicalprematurity
AT jenikalejandrog acuterespiratoryinfectionofaphysiologicallyanemicinfantisamorelikelycauseofsidsthanneurologicalprematurity
AT donneremaria acuterespiratoryinfectionofaphysiologicallyanemicinfantisamorelikelycauseofsidsthanneurologicalprematurity