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Usual Intake of Key Minerals among Children in the Second Year of Life, NHANES 2003–2012

Iron, calcium, and zinc are important nutrients for the young, developing child. This study describes the usual intake of iron, calcium, and zinc among US children in the second year of life using two days of dietary intake data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2012. Es...

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Autores principales: Hamner, Heather C., Perrine, Cria G., Scanlon, Kelley S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4997381/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27483313
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8080468
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author Hamner, Heather C.
Perrine, Cria G.
Scanlon, Kelley S.
author_facet Hamner, Heather C.
Perrine, Cria G.
Scanlon, Kelley S.
author_sort Hamner, Heather C.
collection PubMed
description Iron, calcium, and zinc are important nutrients for the young, developing child. This study describes the usual intake of iron, calcium, and zinc among US children in the second year of life using two days of dietary intake data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2012. Estimates were calculated using PC-SIDE to account for within and between person variation. Mean usual iron, calcium, and zinc intakes were 9.5 mg/day, 1046 mg/day, and 7.1 mg/day, respectively. Over a quarter of children had usual iron intakes less than the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) (26.1%). Eleven percent of children had usual calcium intakes below the RDA and over half of children had usual intakes of zinc that exceeded the tolerable upper intake level (UL). Two percent or less had usual intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for iron, calcium, and zinc. Our findings suggest that during 2003–2012, one in four children and one in ten children had usual intakes below the RDA for iron and calcium, respectively. Children who are not meeting their nutrient requirements could be at increased risk for developing deficiencies such as iron deficiency or could lead to a shortage in adequate nutrients required for growth and development. One in every two children is exceeding the UL for zinc, but the interpretation of these estimates should be done with caution given the limited data on adverse health outcomes. Continued monitoring of zinc intake and further assessment for the potential of adverse health outcomes associated with high zinc intakes may be needed.
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spelling pubmed-49973812016-08-26 Usual Intake of Key Minerals among Children in the Second Year of Life, NHANES 2003–2012 Hamner, Heather C. Perrine, Cria G. Scanlon, Kelley S. Nutrients Article Iron, calcium, and zinc are important nutrients for the young, developing child. This study describes the usual intake of iron, calcium, and zinc among US children in the second year of life using two days of dietary intake data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2012. Estimates were calculated using PC-SIDE to account for within and between person variation. Mean usual iron, calcium, and zinc intakes were 9.5 mg/day, 1046 mg/day, and 7.1 mg/day, respectively. Over a quarter of children had usual iron intakes less than the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) (26.1%). Eleven percent of children had usual calcium intakes below the RDA and over half of children had usual intakes of zinc that exceeded the tolerable upper intake level (UL). Two percent or less had usual intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for iron, calcium, and zinc. Our findings suggest that during 2003–2012, one in four children and one in ten children had usual intakes below the RDA for iron and calcium, respectively. Children who are not meeting their nutrient requirements could be at increased risk for developing deficiencies such as iron deficiency or could lead to a shortage in adequate nutrients required for growth and development. One in every two children is exceeding the UL for zinc, but the interpretation of these estimates should be done with caution given the limited data on adverse health outcomes. Continued monitoring of zinc intake and further assessment for the potential of adverse health outcomes associated with high zinc intakes may be needed. MDPI 2016-07-30 /pmc/articles/PMC4997381/ /pubmed/27483313 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8080468 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hamner, Heather C.
Perrine, Cria G.
Scanlon, Kelley S.
Usual Intake of Key Minerals among Children in the Second Year of Life, NHANES 2003–2012
title Usual Intake of Key Minerals among Children in the Second Year of Life, NHANES 2003–2012
title_full Usual Intake of Key Minerals among Children in the Second Year of Life, NHANES 2003–2012
title_fullStr Usual Intake of Key Minerals among Children in the Second Year of Life, NHANES 2003–2012
title_full_unstemmed Usual Intake of Key Minerals among Children in the Second Year of Life, NHANES 2003–2012
title_short Usual Intake of Key Minerals among Children in the Second Year of Life, NHANES 2003–2012
title_sort usual intake of key minerals among children in the second year of life, nhanes 2003–2012
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4997381/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27483313
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8080468
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