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Zika Fetal Neuropathogenesis: Etiology of a Viral Syndrome

The ongoing Zika virus epidemic in the Americas and the observed association with both fetal abnormalities (primary microcephaly) and adult autoimmune pathology (Guillain–Barré syndrome) has brought attention to this neglected pathogen. While initial case studies generated significant interest in th...

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Autores principales: Klase, Zachary A., Khakhina, Svetlana, Schneider, Adriano De Bernardi, Callahan, Michael V., Glasspool-Malone, Jill, Malone, Robert
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4999274/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27560129
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004877
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author Klase, Zachary A.
Khakhina, Svetlana
Schneider, Adriano De Bernardi
Callahan, Michael V.
Glasspool-Malone, Jill
Malone, Robert
author_facet Klase, Zachary A.
Khakhina, Svetlana
Schneider, Adriano De Bernardi
Callahan, Michael V.
Glasspool-Malone, Jill
Malone, Robert
author_sort Klase, Zachary A.
collection PubMed
description The ongoing Zika virus epidemic in the Americas and the observed association with both fetal abnormalities (primary microcephaly) and adult autoimmune pathology (Guillain–Barré syndrome) has brought attention to this neglected pathogen. While initial case studies generated significant interest in the Zika virus outbreak, larger prospective epidemiology and basic virology studies examining the mechanisms of Zika viral infection and associated pathophysiology are only now starting to be published. In this review, we analyze Zika fetal neuropathogenesis from a comparative pathology perspective, using the historic metaphor of “TORCH” viral pathogenesis to provide context. By drawing parallels to other viral infections of the fetus, we identify common themes and mechanisms that may illuminate the observed pathology. The existing data on the susceptibility of various cells to both Zika and other flavivirus infections are summarized. Finally, we highlight relevant aspects of the known molecular mechanisms of flavivirus replication.
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spelling pubmed-49992742016-09-12 Zika Fetal Neuropathogenesis: Etiology of a Viral Syndrome Klase, Zachary A. Khakhina, Svetlana Schneider, Adriano De Bernardi Callahan, Michael V. Glasspool-Malone, Jill Malone, Robert PLoS Negl Trop Dis Review The ongoing Zika virus epidemic in the Americas and the observed association with both fetal abnormalities (primary microcephaly) and adult autoimmune pathology (Guillain–Barré syndrome) has brought attention to this neglected pathogen. While initial case studies generated significant interest in the Zika virus outbreak, larger prospective epidemiology and basic virology studies examining the mechanisms of Zika viral infection and associated pathophysiology are only now starting to be published. In this review, we analyze Zika fetal neuropathogenesis from a comparative pathology perspective, using the historic metaphor of “TORCH” viral pathogenesis to provide context. By drawing parallels to other viral infections of the fetus, we identify common themes and mechanisms that may illuminate the observed pathology. The existing data on the susceptibility of various cells to both Zika and other flavivirus infections are summarized. Finally, we highlight relevant aspects of the known molecular mechanisms of flavivirus replication. Public Library of Science 2016-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC4999274/ /pubmed/27560129 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004877 Text en © 2016 Klase et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Review
Klase, Zachary A.
Khakhina, Svetlana
Schneider, Adriano De Bernardi
Callahan, Michael V.
Glasspool-Malone, Jill
Malone, Robert
Zika Fetal Neuropathogenesis: Etiology of a Viral Syndrome
title Zika Fetal Neuropathogenesis: Etiology of a Viral Syndrome
title_full Zika Fetal Neuropathogenesis: Etiology of a Viral Syndrome
title_fullStr Zika Fetal Neuropathogenesis: Etiology of a Viral Syndrome
title_full_unstemmed Zika Fetal Neuropathogenesis: Etiology of a Viral Syndrome
title_short Zika Fetal Neuropathogenesis: Etiology of a Viral Syndrome
title_sort zika fetal neuropathogenesis: etiology of a viral syndrome
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4999274/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27560129
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004877
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