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Roles of the reproductive tract in modifications of the sperm membrane surface

Successful fertilization requires viable and functional spermatozoa to recognize and fuse with the oocyte. In most mammalian species, mature spermatozoa are not capable of fertilizing the oocytes immediately after ejaculation. However, unlike somatic cells, spermatozoa, after leaving the testis, are...

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Autores principales: KUO, Yu-Wen, LI, Sheng-Hsiang, MAEDA, Kei-Ichiro, GADELLA, Bart M., TSAI, Pei Shiue J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Society for Reproduction and Development 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5004788/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27009019
http://dx.doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2016-028
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author KUO, Yu-Wen
LI, Sheng-Hsiang
MAEDA, Kei-Ichiro
GADELLA, Bart M.
TSAI, Pei Shiue J.
author_facet KUO, Yu-Wen
LI, Sheng-Hsiang
MAEDA, Kei-Ichiro
GADELLA, Bart M.
TSAI, Pei Shiue J.
author_sort KUO, Yu-Wen
collection PubMed
description Successful fertilization requires viable and functional spermatozoa to recognize and fuse with the oocyte. In most mammalian species, mature spermatozoa are not capable of fertilizing the oocytes immediately after ejaculation. However, unlike somatic cells, spermatozoa, after leaving the testis, are transcriptionally and translationally silent; therefore, upon completion of spermiogenesis, spermatozoa carry only a minimal amount of essential proteins on their membranes as well as within their restricted volume of cytoplasm. To develop into a fully functional and competent sperm that is capable of successful fertilization, modifications of the sperm membrane surface during its transit in the reproductive tracts is critical. These post-spermatogenesis modifications advance the maturation of epididymal spermatozoa. In addition, components secreted into the lumen of the reproductive tracts that are later added onto the sperm membrane surface also regulate (inhibit or activate) the functions of the spermatozoa. This acquisition of additional proteins from the reproductive tracts may compensate for the inactivity of morphologically mature spermatozoa. In this review, we discuss the contributions of the male and female genital tracts to modifications of the sperm membrane surface at different stages of fertilization.
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spelling pubmed-50047882016-08-31 Roles of the reproductive tract in modifications of the sperm membrane surface KUO, Yu-Wen LI, Sheng-Hsiang MAEDA, Kei-Ichiro GADELLA, Bart M. TSAI, Pei Shiue J. J Reprod Dev Review Successful fertilization requires viable and functional spermatozoa to recognize and fuse with the oocyte. In most mammalian species, mature spermatozoa are not capable of fertilizing the oocytes immediately after ejaculation. However, unlike somatic cells, spermatozoa, after leaving the testis, are transcriptionally and translationally silent; therefore, upon completion of spermiogenesis, spermatozoa carry only a minimal amount of essential proteins on their membranes as well as within their restricted volume of cytoplasm. To develop into a fully functional and competent sperm that is capable of successful fertilization, modifications of the sperm membrane surface during its transit in the reproductive tracts is critical. These post-spermatogenesis modifications advance the maturation of epididymal spermatozoa. In addition, components secreted into the lumen of the reproductive tracts that are later added onto the sperm membrane surface also regulate (inhibit or activate) the functions of the spermatozoa. This acquisition of additional proteins from the reproductive tracts may compensate for the inactivity of morphologically mature spermatozoa. In this review, we discuss the contributions of the male and female genital tracts to modifications of the sperm membrane surface at different stages of fertilization. The Society for Reproduction and Development 2016-03-24 2016-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5004788/ /pubmed/27009019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2016-028 Text en ©2016 Society for Reproduction and Development http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd) License.
spellingShingle Review
KUO, Yu-Wen
LI, Sheng-Hsiang
MAEDA, Kei-Ichiro
GADELLA, Bart M.
TSAI, Pei Shiue J.
Roles of the reproductive tract in modifications of the sperm membrane surface
title Roles of the reproductive tract in modifications of the sperm membrane surface
title_full Roles of the reproductive tract in modifications of the sperm membrane surface
title_fullStr Roles of the reproductive tract in modifications of the sperm membrane surface
title_full_unstemmed Roles of the reproductive tract in modifications of the sperm membrane surface
title_short Roles of the reproductive tract in modifications of the sperm membrane surface
title_sort roles of the reproductive tract in modifications of the sperm membrane surface
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5004788/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27009019
http://dx.doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2016-028
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