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Do Baseline Executive Functions Mediate Prospective Memory Performance under a Moderate Dose of Alcohol?

Prospective memory (PM) is memory for delayed intentions. While deleterious effects of acute doses of alcohol on PM have been documented previously using between-subjects comparisons, the current study adopted a single blind placebo-controlled within-subjects design to explore whether the extent to...

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Autores principales: Smith-Spark, James H., Moss, Antony C., Dyer, Kyle R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5005976/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27630600
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01325
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author Smith-Spark, James H.
Moss, Antony C.
Dyer, Kyle R.
author_facet Smith-Spark, James H.
Moss, Antony C.
Dyer, Kyle R.
author_sort Smith-Spark, James H.
collection PubMed
description Prospective memory (PM) is memory for delayed intentions. While deleterious effects of acute doses of alcohol on PM have been documented previously using between-subjects comparisons, the current study adopted a single blind placebo-controlled within-subjects design to explore whether the extent to which alcohol-related impairments in PM are mediated by executive functions (EFs). To this end, 52 male social drinkers with no history of substance-related treatment were tested using two parallel versions of a clinical measure of PM (the Memory for Intentions Test; Raskin et al., 2010), and a battery of EF measures. Testing took place on two occasions, with the order of administration of the alcohol and placebo conditions being fully counterbalanced. Overall, PM was worse under alcohol and participants showed deficits on five of the six subscales making up the clinical test. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses demonstrated that EFs did not predict PM performance decrements overall but did predict performance when time cues were presented and when verbal responses were required. Phonemic fluency was the strongest of the EF predictors; a greater capacity to gain controlled access to information in long-term memory predicted a smaller difference between placebo- and alcohol-related performance on both the time cue and verbal response scales. PM is crucial to compliance with, and response to, both therapy programs and alcohol harm prevention campaigns. The results indicate that individual differences in cognitive function need to be taken into account when designing such interventions in order to increase their effectiveness.
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spelling pubmed-50059762016-09-14 Do Baseline Executive Functions Mediate Prospective Memory Performance under a Moderate Dose of Alcohol? Smith-Spark, James H. Moss, Antony C. Dyer, Kyle R. Front Psychol Psychology Prospective memory (PM) is memory for delayed intentions. While deleterious effects of acute doses of alcohol on PM have been documented previously using between-subjects comparisons, the current study adopted a single blind placebo-controlled within-subjects design to explore whether the extent to which alcohol-related impairments in PM are mediated by executive functions (EFs). To this end, 52 male social drinkers with no history of substance-related treatment were tested using two parallel versions of a clinical measure of PM (the Memory for Intentions Test; Raskin et al., 2010), and a battery of EF measures. Testing took place on two occasions, with the order of administration of the alcohol and placebo conditions being fully counterbalanced. Overall, PM was worse under alcohol and participants showed deficits on five of the six subscales making up the clinical test. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses demonstrated that EFs did not predict PM performance decrements overall but did predict performance when time cues were presented and when verbal responses were required. Phonemic fluency was the strongest of the EF predictors; a greater capacity to gain controlled access to information in long-term memory predicted a smaller difference between placebo- and alcohol-related performance on both the time cue and verbal response scales. PM is crucial to compliance with, and response to, both therapy programs and alcohol harm prevention campaigns. The results indicate that individual differences in cognitive function need to be taken into account when designing such interventions in order to increase their effectiveness. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC5005976/ /pubmed/27630600 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01325 Text en Copyright © 2016 Smith-Spark, Moss and Dyer. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Smith-Spark, James H.
Moss, Antony C.
Dyer, Kyle R.
Do Baseline Executive Functions Mediate Prospective Memory Performance under a Moderate Dose of Alcohol?
title Do Baseline Executive Functions Mediate Prospective Memory Performance under a Moderate Dose of Alcohol?
title_full Do Baseline Executive Functions Mediate Prospective Memory Performance under a Moderate Dose of Alcohol?
title_fullStr Do Baseline Executive Functions Mediate Prospective Memory Performance under a Moderate Dose of Alcohol?
title_full_unstemmed Do Baseline Executive Functions Mediate Prospective Memory Performance under a Moderate Dose of Alcohol?
title_short Do Baseline Executive Functions Mediate Prospective Memory Performance under a Moderate Dose of Alcohol?
title_sort do baseline executive functions mediate prospective memory performance under a moderate dose of alcohol?
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5005976/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27630600
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01325
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