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Interhemispheric Inhibition Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over Primary Sensory Cortex

The present study investigated whether the long-interval interhemispheric inhibition (LIHI) is induced by the transcranial magnetic stimulation over the primary sensory area (S1-TMS) without activation of the conditioning side of the primary motor area (M1) contributing to the contralateral motor ev...

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Autores principales: Iwata, Yasuyuki, Jono, Yasutomo, Mizusawa, Hiroki, Kinoshita, Atsushi, Hiraoka, Koichi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5006631/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27630554
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00438
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author Iwata, Yasuyuki
Jono, Yasutomo
Mizusawa, Hiroki
Kinoshita, Atsushi
Hiraoka, Koichi
author_facet Iwata, Yasuyuki
Jono, Yasutomo
Mizusawa, Hiroki
Kinoshita, Atsushi
Hiraoka, Koichi
author_sort Iwata, Yasuyuki
collection PubMed
description The present study investigated whether the long-interval interhemispheric inhibition (LIHI) is induced by the transcranial magnetic stimulation over the primary sensory area (S1-TMS) without activation of the conditioning side of the primary motor area (M1) contributing to the contralateral motor evoked potential (MEP), whether the S1-TMS-induced LIHI is dependent on the status of the S1 modulated by the tactile input, and whether the pathways mediating the LIHI are different from those mediating the M1-TMS-induced LIHI. In order to give the TMS over the S1 without eliciting the MEP, the intensity of the S1-TMS was adjusted to be the sub-motor-threshold level and the trials with the MEP response elicited by the S1-TMS were discarded online. The LIHI was induced by the S1-TMS given 40 ms before the test TMS in the participants with the attenuation of the tactile perception of the digit stimulation (TPDS) induced by the S1-TMS, indicating that the LIHI is induced by the S1-TMS without activation of the conditioning side of the M1 contributing to the contralateral MEP in the participants in which the pathways mediating the TPDS is sensitive to the S1-TMS. The S1-TMS-induced LIHI was positively correlated with the attenuation of the TPDS induced by the S1-TMS, indicating that the S1-TMS-induced LIHI is dependent on the effect of the S1-TMS on the pathways mediating the TPDS at the S1. In another experiment, the effect of the digit stimulation given before the conditioning TMS on the S1- or M1-TMS-induced LIHI was examined. The digit stimulation produces tactile input to the S1 causing change in the status of the S1. The S1-TMS-induced LIHI was enhanced when the S1-TMS was given in the period in which the tactile afferent volley produced by the digit stimulation just arrived at the S1, while the LIHI induced by above-motor-threshold TMS over the contralateral M1 was not enhanced by the tactile input. Thus, the S1-TMS-induced LIHI is dependent on the status of the S1 modulated by the tactile input, and the pathways mediating the sub-motor-threshold S1-TMS-induced LIHI are not the same as the pathways mediating the above-motor-threshold M1-TMS-induced LIHI.
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spelling pubmed-50066312016-09-14 Interhemispheric Inhibition Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over Primary Sensory Cortex Iwata, Yasuyuki Jono, Yasutomo Mizusawa, Hiroki Kinoshita, Atsushi Hiraoka, Koichi Front Hum Neurosci Neuroscience The present study investigated whether the long-interval interhemispheric inhibition (LIHI) is induced by the transcranial magnetic stimulation over the primary sensory area (S1-TMS) without activation of the conditioning side of the primary motor area (M1) contributing to the contralateral motor evoked potential (MEP), whether the S1-TMS-induced LIHI is dependent on the status of the S1 modulated by the tactile input, and whether the pathways mediating the LIHI are different from those mediating the M1-TMS-induced LIHI. In order to give the TMS over the S1 without eliciting the MEP, the intensity of the S1-TMS was adjusted to be the sub-motor-threshold level and the trials with the MEP response elicited by the S1-TMS were discarded online. The LIHI was induced by the S1-TMS given 40 ms before the test TMS in the participants with the attenuation of the tactile perception of the digit stimulation (TPDS) induced by the S1-TMS, indicating that the LIHI is induced by the S1-TMS without activation of the conditioning side of the M1 contributing to the contralateral MEP in the participants in which the pathways mediating the TPDS is sensitive to the S1-TMS. The S1-TMS-induced LIHI was positively correlated with the attenuation of the TPDS induced by the S1-TMS, indicating that the S1-TMS-induced LIHI is dependent on the effect of the S1-TMS on the pathways mediating the TPDS at the S1. In another experiment, the effect of the digit stimulation given before the conditioning TMS on the S1- or M1-TMS-induced LIHI was examined. The digit stimulation produces tactile input to the S1 causing change in the status of the S1. The S1-TMS-induced LIHI was enhanced when the S1-TMS was given in the period in which the tactile afferent volley produced by the digit stimulation just arrived at the S1, while the LIHI induced by above-motor-threshold TMS over the contralateral M1 was not enhanced by the tactile input. Thus, the S1-TMS-induced LIHI is dependent on the status of the S1 modulated by the tactile input, and the pathways mediating the sub-motor-threshold S1-TMS-induced LIHI are not the same as the pathways mediating the above-motor-threshold M1-TMS-induced LIHI. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC5006631/ /pubmed/27630554 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00438 Text en Copyright © 2016 Iwata, Jono, Mizusawa, Kinoshita and Hiraoka. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Iwata, Yasuyuki
Jono, Yasutomo
Mizusawa, Hiroki
Kinoshita, Atsushi
Hiraoka, Koichi
Interhemispheric Inhibition Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over Primary Sensory Cortex
title Interhemispheric Inhibition Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over Primary Sensory Cortex
title_full Interhemispheric Inhibition Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over Primary Sensory Cortex
title_fullStr Interhemispheric Inhibition Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over Primary Sensory Cortex
title_full_unstemmed Interhemispheric Inhibition Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over Primary Sensory Cortex
title_short Interhemispheric Inhibition Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over Primary Sensory Cortex
title_sort interhemispheric inhibition induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation over primary sensory cortex
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5006631/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27630554
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00438
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