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Expression of messenger molecules and receptors in rat and human sphenopalatine ganglion indicating therapeutic targets

BACKGROUND: Migraine and Cluster Headache (CH) are two primary headaches with severe disease burden. The disease expression and the mechanisms involved are poorly known. In some attacks of migraine and in most attacks of CH, there is a release of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) originating from...

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Autores principales: Steinberg, Anna, Frederiksen, Simona D, Blixt, Frank W, Warfvinge, Karin, Edvinsson, Lars
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Milan 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5009057/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27587062
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s10194-016-0664-3
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author Steinberg, Anna
Frederiksen, Simona D
Blixt, Frank W
Warfvinge, Karin
Edvinsson, Lars
author_facet Steinberg, Anna
Frederiksen, Simona D
Blixt, Frank W
Warfvinge, Karin
Edvinsson, Lars
author_sort Steinberg, Anna
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Migraine and Cluster Headache (CH) are two primary headaches with severe disease burden. The disease expression and the mechanisms involved are poorly known. In some attacks of migraine and in most attacks of CH, there is a release of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) originating from parasympathetic cranial ganglia such as the sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG). Patients suffering from these diseases are often deprived of effective drugs. The aim of the study was to examine the localization of the botulinum toxin receptor element synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV-2A) and the vesicular docking protein synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP25) in human and rat SPG. Additionally the expression of the neurotransmitters pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP-38), nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), VIP and 5-hydroxttryptamine subtype receptors (5-HT(1B,1D,1F)) were examined. METHODS: SPG from adult male rats and from humans, the later removed at autopsy, were prepared for immunohistochemistry using specific antibodies against neurotransmitters, 5-HT(1B,1D,1F) receptors, and botulinum toxin receptor elements. RESULTS: We found that the selected neurotransmitters and 5-HT receptors were expressed in rat and human SPG. In addition, we found SV2-A and SNAP25 expression in both rat and human SPG. We report that all three 5-HT receptors studied occur in neurons and satellite glial cells (SGCs) of the SPG. 5-HT(1B) receptors were in addition found in the walls of intraganglionic blood vessels. CONCLUSIONS: Recent focus on the SPG has emphasized the role of parasympathetic mechanisms in the pathophysiology of mainly CH. The development of next generation’s drugs and treatment of cranial parasympathetic symptoms, mediated through the SPG, can be modulated by treatment with BoNT-A and 5-HT receptor agonists.
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spelling pubmed-50090572016-10-03 Expression of messenger molecules and receptors in rat and human sphenopalatine ganglion indicating therapeutic targets Steinberg, Anna Frederiksen, Simona D Blixt, Frank W Warfvinge, Karin Edvinsson, Lars J Headache Pain Research Article BACKGROUND: Migraine and Cluster Headache (CH) are two primary headaches with severe disease burden. The disease expression and the mechanisms involved are poorly known. In some attacks of migraine and in most attacks of CH, there is a release of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) originating from parasympathetic cranial ganglia such as the sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG). Patients suffering from these diseases are often deprived of effective drugs. The aim of the study was to examine the localization of the botulinum toxin receptor element synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV-2A) and the vesicular docking protein synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP25) in human and rat SPG. Additionally the expression of the neurotransmitters pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP-38), nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), VIP and 5-hydroxttryptamine subtype receptors (5-HT(1B,1D,1F)) were examined. METHODS: SPG from adult male rats and from humans, the later removed at autopsy, were prepared for immunohistochemistry using specific antibodies against neurotransmitters, 5-HT(1B,1D,1F) receptors, and botulinum toxin receptor elements. RESULTS: We found that the selected neurotransmitters and 5-HT receptors were expressed in rat and human SPG. In addition, we found SV2-A and SNAP25 expression in both rat and human SPG. We report that all three 5-HT receptors studied occur in neurons and satellite glial cells (SGCs) of the SPG. 5-HT(1B) receptors were in addition found in the walls of intraganglionic blood vessels. CONCLUSIONS: Recent focus on the SPG has emphasized the role of parasympathetic mechanisms in the pathophysiology of mainly CH. The development of next generation’s drugs and treatment of cranial parasympathetic symptoms, mediated through the SPG, can be modulated by treatment with BoNT-A and 5-HT receptor agonists. Springer Milan 2016-09-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5009057/ /pubmed/27587062 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s10194-016-0664-3 Text en © The Author(s). 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Research Article
Steinberg, Anna
Frederiksen, Simona D
Blixt, Frank W
Warfvinge, Karin
Edvinsson, Lars
Expression of messenger molecules and receptors in rat and human sphenopalatine ganglion indicating therapeutic targets
title Expression of messenger molecules and receptors in rat and human sphenopalatine ganglion indicating therapeutic targets
title_full Expression of messenger molecules and receptors in rat and human sphenopalatine ganglion indicating therapeutic targets
title_fullStr Expression of messenger molecules and receptors in rat and human sphenopalatine ganglion indicating therapeutic targets
title_full_unstemmed Expression of messenger molecules and receptors in rat and human sphenopalatine ganglion indicating therapeutic targets
title_short Expression of messenger molecules and receptors in rat and human sphenopalatine ganglion indicating therapeutic targets
title_sort expression of messenger molecules and receptors in rat and human sphenopalatine ganglion indicating therapeutic targets
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5009057/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27587062
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s10194-016-0664-3
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