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mRNA modifications: Dynamic regulators of gene expression?

The expression of a gene is a tightly regulated process and is exerted by a myriad of different mechanisms. Recently, RNA modifications located in coding sequences of mRNAs, have been identified as potential regulators of gene expression. N(6)-methyladenosine (m(6)A), 5-methylcytosine (m(5)C), pseud...

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Autores principales: Hoernes, Thomas Philipp, Hüttenhofer, Alexander, Erlacher, Matthias David
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Taylor & Francis 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5014007/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27351916
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15476286.2016.1203504
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author Hoernes, Thomas Philipp
Hüttenhofer, Alexander
Erlacher, Matthias David
author_facet Hoernes, Thomas Philipp
Hüttenhofer, Alexander
Erlacher, Matthias David
author_sort Hoernes, Thomas Philipp
collection PubMed
description The expression of a gene is a tightly regulated process and is exerted by a myriad of different mechanisms. Recently, RNA modifications located in coding sequences of mRNAs, have been identified as potential regulators of gene expression. N(6)-methyladenosine (m(6)A), 5-methylcytosine (m(5)C), pseudouridine (Ψ) and N(1)-methyladenosine (m(1)A) have been found within open reading frames of mRNAs. The presence of these mRNA modifications has been implicated to modulate the fate of an mRNA, ranging from maturation to its translation and even degradation. However, many aspects concerning the biological functions of mRNA modifications remain elusive. Recently, systematic in vitro studies allowed a first glimpse of the direct interplay of mRNA modifications and the efficiency and fidelity of ribosomal translation. It thereby became evident that the effects of mRNA modifications were, astonishingly versatile, depending on the type, position or sequence context. The incorporation of a single modification could either prematurely terminate protein synthesis, reduce the peptide yield or alter the amino acid sequence identity. These results implicate that mRNA modifications are a powerful mechanism to post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression.
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spelling pubmed-50140072016-09-15 mRNA modifications: Dynamic regulators of gene expression? Hoernes, Thomas Philipp Hüttenhofer, Alexander Erlacher, Matthias David RNA Biol Point of View The expression of a gene is a tightly regulated process and is exerted by a myriad of different mechanisms. Recently, RNA modifications located in coding sequences of mRNAs, have been identified as potential regulators of gene expression. N(6)-methyladenosine (m(6)A), 5-methylcytosine (m(5)C), pseudouridine (Ψ) and N(1)-methyladenosine (m(1)A) have been found within open reading frames of mRNAs. The presence of these mRNA modifications has been implicated to modulate the fate of an mRNA, ranging from maturation to its translation and even degradation. However, many aspects concerning the biological functions of mRNA modifications remain elusive. Recently, systematic in vitro studies allowed a first glimpse of the direct interplay of mRNA modifications and the efficiency and fidelity of ribosomal translation. It thereby became evident that the effects of mRNA modifications were, astonishingly versatile, depending on the type, position or sequence context. The incorporation of a single modification could either prematurely terminate protein synthesis, reduce the peptide yield or alter the amino acid sequence identity. These results implicate that mRNA modifications are a powerful mechanism to post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Taylor & Francis 2016-06-28 /pmc/articles/PMC5014007/ /pubmed/27351916 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15476286.2016.1203504 Text en © 2016 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The moral rights of the named author(s) have been asserted.
spellingShingle Point of View
Hoernes, Thomas Philipp
Hüttenhofer, Alexander
Erlacher, Matthias David
mRNA modifications: Dynamic regulators of gene expression?
title mRNA modifications: Dynamic regulators of gene expression?
title_full mRNA modifications: Dynamic regulators of gene expression?
title_fullStr mRNA modifications: Dynamic regulators of gene expression?
title_full_unstemmed mRNA modifications: Dynamic regulators of gene expression?
title_short mRNA modifications: Dynamic regulators of gene expression?
title_sort mrna modifications: dynamic regulators of gene expression?
topic Point of View
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5014007/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27351916
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15476286.2016.1203504
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