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Adaptive response of Rhodococcus opacus PWD4 to salt and phenolic stress on the level of mycolic acids
Mycolata form a group of Gram-positive bacteria with unique cell envelope structures that are known for their high tolerance against antibiotics and both aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. An important part of the unique surface structure of the mycolata is the presence of long chain α-alkyl-β-hyd...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5016484/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27620730 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13568-016-0241-9 |
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author | de Carvalho, Carla C. C. R. Fischer, Martin A. Kirsten, Sandra Würz, Birgit Wick, Lukas Y. Heipieper, Hermann J. |
author_facet | de Carvalho, Carla C. C. R. Fischer, Martin A. Kirsten, Sandra Würz, Birgit Wick, Lukas Y. Heipieper, Hermann J. |
author_sort | de Carvalho, Carla C. C. R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Mycolata form a group of Gram-positive bacteria with unique cell envelope structures that are known for their high tolerance against antibiotics and both aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. An important part of the unique surface structure of the mycolata is the presence of long chain α-alkyl-β-hydroxy fatty acids, the mycolic acids. In order to investigate the adaptive changes in the mycolic acid composition, we investigated the composition of mycolic acids during the response both to osmotic stress caused by NaCl and to 4-chlorophenol in Rhodococcus opacus PWD4. This bacterium was chosen as it is known to adapt to different kinds of stresses. In addition, it is a potential biocatalyst in bioremediation as well as for biotechnological applications. In the present study, cells of R. opacus PWD4, grown in liquid cultures, responded to toxic concentrations of NaCl by increasing the ratio between mycolic acids and membrane phospholipid fatty acids (MA/PLFA-ratio). Cells reacted to both NaCl and 4-chlorophenol by decreasing both the average chain length and the unsaturation index of their mycolic acids. These changes in mycolic acid composition correlated with increases in cell surface hydrophobicity and saturation of membrane fatty acids, demonstrating the relation between mycolic acid and phospholipid synthesis and their contribution to cell surface properties of R. opacus PWD4. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5016484 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-50164842016-09-26 Adaptive response of Rhodococcus opacus PWD4 to salt and phenolic stress on the level of mycolic acids de Carvalho, Carla C. C. R. Fischer, Martin A. Kirsten, Sandra Würz, Birgit Wick, Lukas Y. Heipieper, Hermann J. AMB Express Original Article Mycolata form a group of Gram-positive bacteria with unique cell envelope structures that are known for their high tolerance against antibiotics and both aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. An important part of the unique surface structure of the mycolata is the presence of long chain α-alkyl-β-hydroxy fatty acids, the mycolic acids. In order to investigate the adaptive changes in the mycolic acid composition, we investigated the composition of mycolic acids during the response both to osmotic stress caused by NaCl and to 4-chlorophenol in Rhodococcus opacus PWD4. This bacterium was chosen as it is known to adapt to different kinds of stresses. In addition, it is a potential biocatalyst in bioremediation as well as for biotechnological applications. In the present study, cells of R. opacus PWD4, grown in liquid cultures, responded to toxic concentrations of NaCl by increasing the ratio between mycolic acids and membrane phospholipid fatty acids (MA/PLFA-ratio). Cells reacted to both NaCl and 4-chlorophenol by decreasing both the average chain length and the unsaturation index of their mycolic acids. These changes in mycolic acid composition correlated with increases in cell surface hydrophobicity and saturation of membrane fatty acids, demonstrating the relation between mycolic acid and phospholipid synthesis and their contribution to cell surface properties of R. opacus PWD4. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2016-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5016484/ /pubmed/27620730 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13568-016-0241-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. |
spellingShingle | Original Article de Carvalho, Carla C. C. R. Fischer, Martin A. Kirsten, Sandra Würz, Birgit Wick, Lukas Y. Heipieper, Hermann J. Adaptive response of Rhodococcus opacus PWD4 to salt and phenolic stress on the level of mycolic acids |
title | Adaptive response of Rhodococcus opacus PWD4 to salt and phenolic stress on the level of mycolic acids |
title_full | Adaptive response of Rhodococcus opacus PWD4 to salt and phenolic stress on the level of mycolic acids |
title_fullStr | Adaptive response of Rhodococcus opacus PWD4 to salt and phenolic stress on the level of mycolic acids |
title_full_unstemmed | Adaptive response of Rhodococcus opacus PWD4 to salt and phenolic stress on the level of mycolic acids |
title_short | Adaptive response of Rhodococcus opacus PWD4 to salt and phenolic stress on the level of mycolic acids |
title_sort | adaptive response of rhodococcus opacus pwd4 to salt and phenolic stress on the level of mycolic acids |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5016484/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27620730 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13568-016-0241-9 |
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