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Metal Cations in G-Quadruplex Folding and Stability
This review is focused on the structural and physicochemical aspects of metal cation coordination to G-Quadruplexes (GQ) and their effects on GQ stability and conformation. G-quadruplex structures are non-canonical secondary structures formed by both DNA and RNA. G-quadruplexes regulate a wide range...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5016522/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27668212 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2016.00038 |
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author | Bhattacharyya, Debmalya Mirihana Arachchilage, Gayan Basu, Soumitra |
author_facet | Bhattacharyya, Debmalya Mirihana Arachchilage, Gayan Basu, Soumitra |
author_sort | Bhattacharyya, Debmalya |
collection | PubMed |
description | This review is focused on the structural and physicochemical aspects of metal cation coordination to G-Quadruplexes (GQ) and their effects on GQ stability and conformation. G-quadruplex structures are non-canonical secondary structures formed by both DNA and RNA. G-quadruplexes regulate a wide range of important biochemical processes. Besides the sequence requirements, the coordination of monovalent cations in the GQ is essential for its formation and determines the stability and polymorphism of GQ structures. The nature, location, and dynamics of the cation coordination and their impact on the overall GQ stability are dependent on several factors such as the ionic radii, hydration energy, and the bonding strength to the O6 of guanines. The intracellular monovalent cation concentration and the localized ion concentrations determine the formation of GQs and can potentially dictate their regulatory roles. A wide range of biochemical and biophysical studies on an array of GQ enabling sequences have generated at a minimum the knowledge base that allows us to often predict the stability of GQs in the presence of the physiologically relevant metal ions, however, prediction of conformation of such GQs is still out of the realm. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5016522 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-50165222016-09-23 Metal Cations in G-Quadruplex Folding and Stability Bhattacharyya, Debmalya Mirihana Arachchilage, Gayan Basu, Soumitra Front Chem Chemistry This review is focused on the structural and physicochemical aspects of metal cation coordination to G-Quadruplexes (GQ) and their effects on GQ stability and conformation. G-quadruplex structures are non-canonical secondary structures formed by both DNA and RNA. G-quadruplexes regulate a wide range of important biochemical processes. Besides the sequence requirements, the coordination of monovalent cations in the GQ is essential for its formation and determines the stability and polymorphism of GQ structures. The nature, location, and dynamics of the cation coordination and their impact on the overall GQ stability are dependent on several factors such as the ionic radii, hydration energy, and the bonding strength to the O6 of guanines. The intracellular monovalent cation concentration and the localized ion concentrations determine the formation of GQs and can potentially dictate their regulatory roles. A wide range of biochemical and biophysical studies on an array of GQ enabling sequences have generated at a minimum the knowledge base that allows us to often predict the stability of GQs in the presence of the physiologically relevant metal ions, however, prediction of conformation of such GQs is still out of the realm. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-09-09 /pmc/articles/PMC5016522/ /pubmed/27668212 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2016.00038 Text en Copyright © 2016 Bhattacharyya, Mirihana Arachchilage and Basu. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Chemistry Bhattacharyya, Debmalya Mirihana Arachchilage, Gayan Basu, Soumitra Metal Cations in G-Quadruplex Folding and Stability |
title | Metal Cations in G-Quadruplex Folding and Stability |
title_full | Metal Cations in G-Quadruplex Folding and Stability |
title_fullStr | Metal Cations in G-Quadruplex Folding and Stability |
title_full_unstemmed | Metal Cations in G-Quadruplex Folding and Stability |
title_short | Metal Cations in G-Quadruplex Folding and Stability |
title_sort | metal cations in g-quadruplex folding and stability |
topic | Chemistry |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5016522/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27668212 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2016.00038 |
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