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Resource partitioning between ungulate populations in arid environments
Herbivores are major drivers of ecosystem structure, diversity, and function. Resilient ecosystems therefore require viable herbivore populations in a sustainable balance with environmental resource availability. This balance is becoming harder to achieve, with increasingly threatened species relian...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5016655/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27656279 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2218 |
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author | Cooke, Robert S. C. Woodfine, Tim Petretto, Marie Ezard, Thomas H. G. |
author_facet | Cooke, Robert S. C. Woodfine, Tim Petretto, Marie Ezard, Thomas H. G. |
author_sort | Cooke, Robert S. C. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Herbivores are major drivers of ecosystem structure, diversity, and function. Resilient ecosystems therefore require viable herbivore populations in a sustainable balance with environmental resource availability. This balance is becoming harder to achieve, with increasingly threatened species reliant on small protected areas in increasingly harsh and unpredictable environments. Arid environments in North Africa exemplify this situation, featuring a biologically distinct species assemblage exposed to extreme and volatile conditions, including habitat loss and climate change‐associated threats. Here, we implement an integrated likelihood approach to relate scimitar‐horned oryx (Oryx dammah) and dorcas gazelle (Gazella dorcas) density, via dung distance sampling, to habitat, predator, and geographic correlates in Dghoumes National Park, Tunisia. We show how two threatened sympatric ungulates partition resources on the habitat axis, exhibiting nonuniform responses to the same vegetation gradient. Scimitar‐horned oryx were positively associated with plant species richness, selecting for vegetated ephemeral watercourses (wadis) dominated by herbaceous cover. Conversely, dorcas gazelle were negatively associated with vegetation density (herbaceous height, litter cover, and herbaceous cover), selecting instead for rocky plains with sparse vegetation. We suggest that adequate plant species richness should be a prerequisite for areas proposed for future ungulate reintroductions in arid and semi‐arid environments. This evidence will inform adaptive management of reintroduced ungulates in protected environments, helping managers and planners design sustainable ecosystems and effective conservation programs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5016655 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-50166552016-09-21 Resource partitioning between ungulate populations in arid environments Cooke, Robert S. C. Woodfine, Tim Petretto, Marie Ezard, Thomas H. G. Ecol Evol Original Research Herbivores are major drivers of ecosystem structure, diversity, and function. Resilient ecosystems therefore require viable herbivore populations in a sustainable balance with environmental resource availability. This balance is becoming harder to achieve, with increasingly threatened species reliant on small protected areas in increasingly harsh and unpredictable environments. Arid environments in North Africa exemplify this situation, featuring a biologically distinct species assemblage exposed to extreme and volatile conditions, including habitat loss and climate change‐associated threats. Here, we implement an integrated likelihood approach to relate scimitar‐horned oryx (Oryx dammah) and dorcas gazelle (Gazella dorcas) density, via dung distance sampling, to habitat, predator, and geographic correlates in Dghoumes National Park, Tunisia. We show how two threatened sympatric ungulates partition resources on the habitat axis, exhibiting nonuniform responses to the same vegetation gradient. Scimitar‐horned oryx were positively associated with plant species richness, selecting for vegetated ephemeral watercourses (wadis) dominated by herbaceous cover. Conversely, dorcas gazelle were negatively associated with vegetation density (herbaceous height, litter cover, and herbaceous cover), selecting instead for rocky plains with sparse vegetation. We suggest that adequate plant species richness should be a prerequisite for areas proposed for future ungulate reintroductions in arid and semi‐arid environments. This evidence will inform adaptive management of reintroduced ungulates in protected environments, helping managers and planners design sustainable ecosystems and effective conservation programs. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016-08-17 /pmc/articles/PMC5016655/ /pubmed/27656279 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2218 Text en © 2016 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Cooke, Robert S. C. Woodfine, Tim Petretto, Marie Ezard, Thomas H. G. Resource partitioning between ungulate populations in arid environments |
title | Resource partitioning between ungulate populations in arid environments |
title_full | Resource partitioning between ungulate populations in arid environments |
title_fullStr | Resource partitioning between ungulate populations in arid environments |
title_full_unstemmed | Resource partitioning between ungulate populations in arid environments |
title_short | Resource partitioning between ungulate populations in arid environments |
title_sort | resource partitioning between ungulate populations in arid environments |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5016655/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27656279 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2218 |
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