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Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Depressive Symptoms, and Cognitive Performance in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Analyses From a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
This trial investigated the efficacy of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) treatment for improving depressive symptoms and cognitive performance in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) participating in cardiac rehabilitation. Patients with CAD aged 45 to 80 years were randomized to...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5017271/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27529771 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JCP.0000000000000565 |
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author | Mazereeuw, Graham Herrmann, Nathan Oh, Paul I. Ma, David W.L. Wang, Cheng Tao Kiss, Alexander Lanctôt, Krista L. |
author_facet | Mazereeuw, Graham Herrmann, Nathan Oh, Paul I. Ma, David W.L. Wang, Cheng Tao Kiss, Alexander Lanctôt, Krista L. |
author_sort | Mazereeuw, Graham |
collection | PubMed |
description | This trial investigated the efficacy of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) treatment for improving depressive symptoms and cognitive performance in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) participating in cardiac rehabilitation. Patients with CAD aged 45 to 80 years were randomized to receive either 1.9-g/d n-3 PUFA treatment or placebo for 12 weeks. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D, primary outcome) and the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, criteria were used to identify a depressive episode at baseline. Cognitive performance was measured using a standardized battery for vascular cognitive impairment. In 92 patients (age, 61.7 ± 8.7 y; 76% male, 40% depressed; HAM-D, 6.9 ± 5.9; BDI-II, 12.3 ± 10.9; n = 45 n-3 PUFA, n = 47 placebo), depression decreased (HAM-D, F(3,91) = 2.71 and P = 0.049; BDI-II, F(3,91) = 6.24 and P < 0.01), and cognitive performance improved (attention/processing speed, F(1,91) = 5.57, P = 0.02; executive function, F(1,91) = 14.64, P < 0.01; visuospatial memory, F(1,91) = 4.01, P = 0.04) over cardiac rehabilitation. Omega-3 PUFA treatment increased plasma eicosapentaenoic acid (F(1,29) = 33.29, P < 0.01) and docosahexaenoic acid (F(1,29) = 15.29, P < 0.01) concentrations but did not reduce HAM-D (F(3,91) = 1.59, P = 0.20) or BDI-II (F(3,91) = 0.46, P = 0.50) scores compared with placebo. Treatment did not improve cognitive performance; however, n-3 PUFAs significantly increased verbal memory compared with placebo in a subgroup of nondepressed patients (F(1,54) = 4.16, P = 0.04). This trial suggests that n-3 PUFAs do not improve depressive and associated cognitive symptoms in those with CAD. The possible benefits of n-3 PUFAs for verbal memory may warrant investigation in well-powered studies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5017271 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-50172712016-09-26 Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Depressive Symptoms, and Cognitive Performance in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Analyses From a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Mazereeuw, Graham Herrmann, Nathan Oh, Paul I. Ma, David W.L. Wang, Cheng Tao Kiss, Alexander Lanctôt, Krista L. J Clin Psychopharmacol Original Contributions This trial investigated the efficacy of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) treatment for improving depressive symptoms and cognitive performance in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) participating in cardiac rehabilitation. Patients with CAD aged 45 to 80 years were randomized to receive either 1.9-g/d n-3 PUFA treatment or placebo for 12 weeks. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D, primary outcome) and the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, criteria were used to identify a depressive episode at baseline. Cognitive performance was measured using a standardized battery for vascular cognitive impairment. In 92 patients (age, 61.7 ± 8.7 y; 76% male, 40% depressed; HAM-D, 6.9 ± 5.9; BDI-II, 12.3 ± 10.9; n = 45 n-3 PUFA, n = 47 placebo), depression decreased (HAM-D, F(3,91) = 2.71 and P = 0.049; BDI-II, F(3,91) = 6.24 and P < 0.01), and cognitive performance improved (attention/processing speed, F(1,91) = 5.57, P = 0.02; executive function, F(1,91) = 14.64, P < 0.01; visuospatial memory, F(1,91) = 4.01, P = 0.04) over cardiac rehabilitation. Omega-3 PUFA treatment increased plasma eicosapentaenoic acid (F(1,29) = 33.29, P < 0.01) and docosahexaenoic acid (F(1,29) = 15.29, P < 0.01) concentrations but did not reduce HAM-D (F(3,91) = 1.59, P = 0.20) or BDI-II (F(3,91) = 0.46, P = 0.50) scores compared with placebo. Treatment did not improve cognitive performance; however, n-3 PUFAs significantly increased verbal memory compared with placebo in a subgroup of nondepressed patients (F(1,54) = 4.16, P = 0.04). This trial suggests that n-3 PUFAs do not improve depressive and associated cognitive symptoms in those with CAD. The possible benefits of n-3 PUFAs for verbal memory may warrant investigation in well-powered studies. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2016-10 2016-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC5017271/ /pubmed/27529771 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JCP.0000000000000565 Text en Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially. |
spellingShingle | Original Contributions Mazereeuw, Graham Herrmann, Nathan Oh, Paul I. Ma, David W.L. Wang, Cheng Tao Kiss, Alexander Lanctôt, Krista L. Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Depressive Symptoms, and Cognitive Performance in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Analyses From a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial |
title | Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Depressive Symptoms, and Cognitive Performance in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Analyses From a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial |
title_full | Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Depressive Symptoms, and Cognitive Performance in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Analyses From a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial |
title_fullStr | Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Depressive Symptoms, and Cognitive Performance in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Analyses From a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial |
title_full_unstemmed | Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Depressive Symptoms, and Cognitive Performance in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Analyses From a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial |
title_short | Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Depressive Symptoms, and Cognitive Performance in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Analyses From a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial |
title_sort | omega-3 fatty acids, depressive symptoms, and cognitive performance in patients with coronary artery disease: analyses from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial |
topic | Original Contributions |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5017271/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27529771 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JCP.0000000000000565 |
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