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Stuck in Time: Negative Income Shock Constricts the Temporal Window of Valuation Spanning the Future and the Past
Insufficient resources are associated with negative consequences including decreased valuation of future reinforcers. To determine if these effects result from scarcity, we examined the consequences of acute, abrupt changes in resource availability on delay discounting—the subjective devaluation of...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5025165/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27631760 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0163051 |
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author | Bickel, Warren K. Wilson, A. George Chen, Chen Koffarnus, Mikhail N. Franck, Christopher T. |
author_facet | Bickel, Warren K. Wilson, A. George Chen, Chen Koffarnus, Mikhail N. Franck, Christopher T. |
author_sort | Bickel, Warren K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Insufficient resources are associated with negative consequences including decreased valuation of future reinforcers. To determine if these effects result from scarcity, we examined the consequences of acute, abrupt changes in resource availability on delay discounting—the subjective devaluation of rewards as delay to receipt increases. In the current study, 599 individuals recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk read a narrative of a sudden change (positive, neutral, or negative) to one’s hypothetical future income and completed a delay discounting task examining future and past monetary gains and losses. The effects of the explicit zero procedure, a framing manipulation, was also examined. Negative income shock significantly increased discounting rates for gains and loses occurring both in the future and the past. Positive income windfalls significantly decreased discounting to a lesser extent. The framing procedure significantly reduced discounting under all conditions. Negative income shocks may result in short-term choices. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5025165 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-50251652016-09-27 Stuck in Time: Negative Income Shock Constricts the Temporal Window of Valuation Spanning the Future and the Past Bickel, Warren K. Wilson, A. George Chen, Chen Koffarnus, Mikhail N. Franck, Christopher T. PLoS One Research Article Insufficient resources are associated with negative consequences including decreased valuation of future reinforcers. To determine if these effects result from scarcity, we examined the consequences of acute, abrupt changes in resource availability on delay discounting—the subjective devaluation of rewards as delay to receipt increases. In the current study, 599 individuals recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk read a narrative of a sudden change (positive, neutral, or negative) to one’s hypothetical future income and completed a delay discounting task examining future and past monetary gains and losses. The effects of the explicit zero procedure, a framing manipulation, was also examined. Negative income shock significantly increased discounting rates for gains and loses occurring both in the future and the past. Positive income windfalls significantly decreased discounting to a lesser extent. The framing procedure significantly reduced discounting under all conditions. Negative income shocks may result in short-term choices. Public Library of Science 2016-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5025165/ /pubmed/27631760 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0163051 Text en © 2016 Bickel et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Bickel, Warren K. Wilson, A. George Chen, Chen Koffarnus, Mikhail N. Franck, Christopher T. Stuck in Time: Negative Income Shock Constricts the Temporal Window of Valuation Spanning the Future and the Past |
title | Stuck in Time: Negative Income Shock Constricts the Temporal Window of Valuation Spanning the Future and the Past |
title_full | Stuck in Time: Negative Income Shock Constricts the Temporal Window of Valuation Spanning the Future and the Past |
title_fullStr | Stuck in Time: Negative Income Shock Constricts the Temporal Window of Valuation Spanning the Future and the Past |
title_full_unstemmed | Stuck in Time: Negative Income Shock Constricts the Temporal Window of Valuation Spanning the Future and the Past |
title_short | Stuck in Time: Negative Income Shock Constricts the Temporal Window of Valuation Spanning the Future and the Past |
title_sort | stuck in time: negative income shock constricts the temporal window of valuation spanning the future and the past |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5025165/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27631760 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0163051 |
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