Cargando…
Opportunities for biodiversity gains under the world's largest reforestation programme
Reforestation is a critical means of addressing the environmental and social problems of deforestation. China's Grain-for-Green Program (GFGP) is the world's largest reforestation scheme. Here we provide the first nationwide assessment of the tree composition of GFGP forests and the first...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group
2016
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5025860/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27598524 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12717 |
_version_ | 1782454035563937792 |
---|---|
author | Hua, Fangyuan Wang, Xiaoyang Zheng, Xinlei Fisher, Brendan Wang, Lin Zhu, Jianguo Tang, Ya Yu, Douglas W. Wilcove, David S. |
author_facet | Hua, Fangyuan Wang, Xiaoyang Zheng, Xinlei Fisher, Brendan Wang, Lin Zhu, Jianguo Tang, Ya Yu, Douglas W. Wilcove, David S. |
author_sort | Hua, Fangyuan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Reforestation is a critical means of addressing the environmental and social problems of deforestation. China's Grain-for-Green Program (GFGP) is the world's largest reforestation scheme. Here we provide the first nationwide assessment of the tree composition of GFGP forests and the first combined ecological and economic study aimed at understanding GFGP's biodiversity implications. Across China, GFGP forests are overwhelmingly monocultures or compositionally simple mixed forests. Focusing on birds and bees in Sichuan Province, we find that GFGP reforestation results in modest gains (via mixed forest) and losses (via monocultures) of bird diversity, along with major losses of bee diversity. Moreover, all current modes of GFGP reforestation fall short of restoring biodiversity to levels approximating native forests. However, even within existing modes of reforestation, GFGP can achieve greater biodiversity gains by promoting mixed forests over monocultures; doing so is unlikely to entail major opportunity costs or pose unforeseen economic risks to households. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5025860 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-50258602016-09-23 Opportunities for biodiversity gains under the world's largest reforestation programme Hua, Fangyuan Wang, Xiaoyang Zheng, Xinlei Fisher, Brendan Wang, Lin Zhu, Jianguo Tang, Ya Yu, Douglas W. Wilcove, David S. Nat Commun Article Reforestation is a critical means of addressing the environmental and social problems of deforestation. China's Grain-for-Green Program (GFGP) is the world's largest reforestation scheme. Here we provide the first nationwide assessment of the tree composition of GFGP forests and the first combined ecological and economic study aimed at understanding GFGP's biodiversity implications. Across China, GFGP forests are overwhelmingly monocultures or compositionally simple mixed forests. Focusing on birds and bees in Sichuan Province, we find that GFGP reforestation results in modest gains (via mixed forest) and losses (via monocultures) of bird diversity, along with major losses of bee diversity. Moreover, all current modes of GFGP reforestation fall short of restoring biodiversity to levels approximating native forests. However, even within existing modes of reforestation, GFGP can achieve greater biodiversity gains by promoting mixed forests over monocultures; doing so is unlikely to entail major opportunity costs or pose unforeseen economic risks to households. Nature Publishing Group 2016-09-06 /pmc/articles/PMC5025860/ /pubmed/27598524 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12717 Text en Copyright © 2016, The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Article Hua, Fangyuan Wang, Xiaoyang Zheng, Xinlei Fisher, Brendan Wang, Lin Zhu, Jianguo Tang, Ya Yu, Douglas W. Wilcove, David S. Opportunities for biodiversity gains under the world's largest reforestation programme |
title | Opportunities for biodiversity gains under the world's largest reforestation programme |
title_full | Opportunities for biodiversity gains under the world's largest reforestation programme |
title_fullStr | Opportunities for biodiversity gains under the world's largest reforestation programme |
title_full_unstemmed | Opportunities for biodiversity gains under the world's largest reforestation programme |
title_short | Opportunities for biodiversity gains under the world's largest reforestation programme |
title_sort | opportunities for biodiversity gains under the world's largest reforestation programme |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5025860/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27598524 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12717 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT huafangyuan opportunitiesforbiodiversitygainsundertheworldslargestreforestationprogramme AT wangxiaoyang opportunitiesforbiodiversitygainsundertheworldslargestreforestationprogramme AT zhengxinlei opportunitiesforbiodiversitygainsundertheworldslargestreforestationprogramme AT fisherbrendan opportunitiesforbiodiversitygainsundertheworldslargestreforestationprogramme AT wanglin opportunitiesforbiodiversitygainsundertheworldslargestreforestationprogramme AT zhujianguo opportunitiesforbiodiversitygainsundertheworldslargestreforestationprogramme AT tangya opportunitiesforbiodiversitygainsundertheworldslargestreforestationprogramme AT yudouglasw opportunitiesforbiodiversitygainsundertheworldslargestreforestationprogramme AT wilcovedavids opportunitiesforbiodiversitygainsundertheworldslargestreforestationprogramme |