Three-dimensional bulk electronic structure of the Kondo lattice CeIn(3) revealed by photoemission

We show the three-dimensional electronic structure of the Kondo lattice CeIn(3) using soft x-ray angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy in the paramagnetic state. For the first time, we have directly observed the three-dimensional topology of the Fermi surface of CeIn(3) by photoemission. The Fermi surface has a complicated hole pocket centred at the Γ-Z line and an elliptical electron pocket centred at the R point of the Brillouin zone. Polarization and photon-energy dependent photoemission results both indicate the nearly localized nature of the 4f electrons in CeIn(3), consistent with the theoretical prediction by means of the combination of density functional theory and single-site dynamical mean-field theory. Those results illustrate that the f electrons of CeIn(3), which is the parent material of CeMIn(5) compounds, are closer to the localized description than the layered CeMIn(5) compounds.