Cargando…

Cross-sectional imaging of complicated urinary infections affecting the lower tract and male genital organs

Complicated urinary tract infections (C-UTIs) are those associated with structural or functional genitourinary abnormalities or with conditions that impair the host defence mechanisms, leading to an increased risk of acquiring infection or failing therapy. C-UTIs occur in patients with risk factors...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Tonolini, Massimo, Ippolito, Sonia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5028337/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27271509
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13244-016-0503-8
_version_ 1782454349209796608
author Tonolini, Massimo
Ippolito, Sonia
author_facet Tonolini, Massimo
Ippolito, Sonia
author_sort Tonolini, Massimo
collection PubMed
description Complicated urinary tract infections (C-UTIs) are those associated with structural or functional genitourinary abnormalities or with conditions that impair the host defence mechanisms, leading to an increased risk of acquiring infection or failing therapy. C-UTIs occur in patients with risk factors such as neurogenic dysfunction, bladder outlet obstruction, obstructive uropathy, bladder catheterisation, urologic instrumentation or indwelling stent, urinary tract post-surgical modifications, chemotherapy- or radiation-induced damage, renal impairment, diabetes and immunodeficiency. Multidetector CT and MRI allow comprehensive investigation of C-UTIs and systemic infection from an unknown source. Based upon personal experience at a tertiary care hospital focused on the treatment of infectious illnesses, this pictorial essay reviews with examples the clinical features and cross-sectional imaging findings of C-UTIs affecting the lower urinary tract and male genital organs. The disorders presented include acute infectious cystitis, bladder mural abscesses, infections of the prostate and seminal vesicles, acute urethritis and related perineal abscesses, funiculitis, epididymo-orchitis and scrotal abscesses. Emphasis is placed on the possible differential diagnoses of lower C-UTIs. The aim is to provide radiologists greater familiarity with these potentially severe disorders which frequently require intensive in-hospital antibiotic therapy, percutaneous drainage or surgery. Teaching Points • Complicated urinary tract infections occur in patients with structural or functional risk factors. • CT and MRI comprehensively investigate complicated urinary infections and sepsis from unknown sources. • Infections of the urinary bladder, prostate, seminal vesicles, urethra and scrotum are presented. • Emphasis is placed on differential diagnoses of complicated lower urogenital infections. • Unsuspected urinary infections may be detected on CT performed for other clinical reasons.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5028337
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2016
publisher Springer Berlin Heidelberg
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-50283372016-10-09 Cross-sectional imaging of complicated urinary infections affecting the lower tract and male genital organs Tonolini, Massimo Ippolito, Sonia Insights Imaging Pictorial Review Complicated urinary tract infections (C-UTIs) are those associated with structural or functional genitourinary abnormalities or with conditions that impair the host defence mechanisms, leading to an increased risk of acquiring infection or failing therapy. C-UTIs occur in patients with risk factors such as neurogenic dysfunction, bladder outlet obstruction, obstructive uropathy, bladder catheterisation, urologic instrumentation or indwelling stent, urinary tract post-surgical modifications, chemotherapy- or radiation-induced damage, renal impairment, diabetes and immunodeficiency. Multidetector CT and MRI allow comprehensive investigation of C-UTIs and systemic infection from an unknown source. Based upon personal experience at a tertiary care hospital focused on the treatment of infectious illnesses, this pictorial essay reviews with examples the clinical features and cross-sectional imaging findings of C-UTIs affecting the lower urinary tract and male genital organs. The disorders presented include acute infectious cystitis, bladder mural abscesses, infections of the prostate and seminal vesicles, acute urethritis and related perineal abscesses, funiculitis, epididymo-orchitis and scrotal abscesses. Emphasis is placed on the possible differential diagnoses of lower C-UTIs. The aim is to provide radiologists greater familiarity with these potentially severe disorders which frequently require intensive in-hospital antibiotic therapy, percutaneous drainage or surgery. Teaching Points • Complicated urinary tract infections occur in patients with structural or functional risk factors. • CT and MRI comprehensively investigate complicated urinary infections and sepsis from unknown sources. • Infections of the urinary bladder, prostate, seminal vesicles, urethra and scrotum are presented. • Emphasis is placed on differential diagnoses of complicated lower urogenital infections. • Unsuspected urinary infections may be detected on CT performed for other clinical reasons. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2016-06-07 /pmc/articles/PMC5028337/ /pubmed/27271509 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13244-016-0503-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2016 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Pictorial Review
Tonolini, Massimo
Ippolito, Sonia
Cross-sectional imaging of complicated urinary infections affecting the lower tract and male genital organs
title Cross-sectional imaging of complicated urinary infections affecting the lower tract and male genital organs
title_full Cross-sectional imaging of complicated urinary infections affecting the lower tract and male genital organs
title_fullStr Cross-sectional imaging of complicated urinary infections affecting the lower tract and male genital organs
title_full_unstemmed Cross-sectional imaging of complicated urinary infections affecting the lower tract and male genital organs
title_short Cross-sectional imaging of complicated urinary infections affecting the lower tract and male genital organs
title_sort cross-sectional imaging of complicated urinary infections affecting the lower tract and male genital organs
topic Pictorial Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5028337/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27271509
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13244-016-0503-8
work_keys_str_mv AT tonolinimassimo crosssectionalimagingofcomplicatedurinaryinfectionsaffectingthelowertractandmalegenitalorgans
AT ippolitosonia crosssectionalimagingofcomplicatedurinaryinfectionsaffectingthelowertractandmalegenitalorgans