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The Influence of Ionizing Radiation on Exosome Composition, Secretion and Intercellular Communication
A large variety of vesicles is actively secreted into the extracellular space by most type of cells. The smallest nanoparticles (30-120 nm), called exosomes, are known to transport their cargo (nucleic acids, proteins and lipids) between diverse locations in the body. Specific content of exosomes an...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Bentham Science Publishers
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5029112/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27117741 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929866523666160427105138 |
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author | Jelonek, Karol Widlak, Piotr Pietrowska, Monika |
author_facet | Jelonek, Karol Widlak, Piotr Pietrowska, Monika |
author_sort | Jelonek, Karol |
collection | PubMed |
description | A large variety of vesicles is actively secreted into the extracellular space by most type of cells. The smallest nanoparticles (30-120 nm), called exosomes, are known to transport their cargo (nucleic acids, proteins and lipids) between diverse locations in the body. Specific content of exosomes and their influence on recipient cells depends primarily on the type of the secretory (donor) cell, yet several studies highlight the importance of environmental stress on which the donor cells are exposed. Ionizing radiation, which induces damage to DNA and other structures of a target cell, is one of well-recognized stress conditions influencing behavior of affected cells. A few recent studies have evidenced radiation-induced changes in composition of exosomes released from irradiated cells and their involvement in radiation-related communication between cells. Inducible pathways of exosome secretion activated in irradiated cells are regulated by TSAP6 protein (the transmembrane protein tumor suppressor-activated pathway 6), which is transcriptionally regulated by p53, hence cellular status of this major DNA damage response factor affects composition and secretion rate of exosomes released from target cells. Moreover, exosomes released from irradiated cells have been shown to mediate the radiation-induced bystander effect. Understanding radiation-related mechanisms involved in exosome formation and “makeup” of their cargo would shed light on the role of exosomes in systemic response of cells, tissues and organisms to ionizing radiation which may open new perspectives in translational medicine and anticancer-treatment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5029112 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Bentham Science Publishers |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-50291122016-10-04 The Influence of Ionizing Radiation on Exosome Composition, Secretion and Intercellular Communication Jelonek, Karol Widlak, Piotr Pietrowska, Monika Protein Pept Lett Article A large variety of vesicles is actively secreted into the extracellular space by most type of cells. The smallest nanoparticles (30-120 nm), called exosomes, are known to transport their cargo (nucleic acids, proteins and lipids) between diverse locations in the body. Specific content of exosomes and their influence on recipient cells depends primarily on the type of the secretory (donor) cell, yet several studies highlight the importance of environmental stress on which the donor cells are exposed. Ionizing radiation, which induces damage to DNA and other structures of a target cell, is one of well-recognized stress conditions influencing behavior of affected cells. A few recent studies have evidenced radiation-induced changes in composition of exosomes released from irradiated cells and their involvement in radiation-related communication between cells. Inducible pathways of exosome secretion activated in irradiated cells are regulated by TSAP6 protein (the transmembrane protein tumor suppressor-activated pathway 6), which is transcriptionally regulated by p53, hence cellular status of this major DNA damage response factor affects composition and secretion rate of exosomes released from target cells. Moreover, exosomes released from irradiated cells have been shown to mediate the radiation-induced bystander effect. Understanding radiation-related mechanisms involved in exosome formation and “makeup” of their cargo would shed light on the role of exosomes in systemic response of cells, tissues and organisms to ionizing radiation which may open new perspectives in translational medicine and anticancer-treatment. Bentham Science Publishers 2016-07 2016-07 /pmc/articles/PMC5029112/ /pubmed/27117741 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929866523666160427105138 Text en © 2016 Bentham Science Publishers https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0 International Public License (CC BY-NC 4.0) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode ), which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Article Jelonek, Karol Widlak, Piotr Pietrowska, Monika The Influence of Ionizing Radiation on Exosome Composition, Secretion and Intercellular Communication |
title | The Influence of Ionizing Radiation on Exosome Composition, Secretion and Intercellular Communication |
title_full | The Influence of Ionizing Radiation on Exosome Composition, Secretion and Intercellular Communication |
title_fullStr | The Influence of Ionizing Radiation on Exosome Composition, Secretion and Intercellular Communication |
title_full_unstemmed | The Influence of Ionizing Radiation on Exosome Composition, Secretion and Intercellular Communication |
title_short | The Influence of Ionizing Radiation on Exosome Composition, Secretion and Intercellular Communication |
title_sort | influence of ionizing radiation on exosome composition, secretion and intercellular communication |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5029112/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27117741 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929866523666160427105138 |
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