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Sad State of Phage Electron Microscopy. Please Shoot the Messenger
Two hundred and sixty publications from 2007 to 2012 were classified according to the quality of electron micrographs; namely as good (71); mediocre (21); or poor (168). Publications were from 37 countries; appeared in 77 journals; and included micrographs produced with about 60 models of electron m...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2013
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5029504/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27694773 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms2010001 |
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author | Ackermann, Hans-W. |
author_facet | Ackermann, Hans-W. |
author_sort | Ackermann, Hans-W. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Two hundred and sixty publications from 2007 to 2012 were classified according to the quality of electron micrographs; namely as good (71); mediocre (21); or poor (168). Publications were from 37 countries; appeared in 77 journals; and included micrographs produced with about 60 models of electron microscopes. The quality of the micrographs was not linked to any country; journal; or electron microscope. Main problems were poor contrast; positive staining; low magnification; and small image size. Unsharp images were frequent. Many phage descriptions were silent on virus purification; magnification control; even the type of electron microscope and stain used. The deterioration in phage electron microscopy can be attributed to the absence of working instructions and electron microscopy courses; incompetent authors and reviewers; and lenient journals. All these factors are able to cause a gradual lowering of standards. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5029504 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-50295042016-09-28 Sad State of Phage Electron Microscopy. Please Shoot the Messenger Ackermann, Hans-W. Microorganisms Opinion Two hundred and sixty publications from 2007 to 2012 were classified according to the quality of electron micrographs; namely as good (71); mediocre (21); or poor (168). Publications were from 37 countries; appeared in 77 journals; and included micrographs produced with about 60 models of electron microscopes. The quality of the micrographs was not linked to any country; journal; or electron microscope. Main problems were poor contrast; positive staining; low magnification; and small image size. Unsharp images were frequent. Many phage descriptions were silent on virus purification; magnification control; even the type of electron microscope and stain used. The deterioration in phage electron microscopy can be attributed to the absence of working instructions and electron microscopy courses; incompetent authors and reviewers; and lenient journals. All these factors are able to cause a gradual lowering of standards. MDPI 2013-12-24 /pmc/articles/PMC5029504/ /pubmed/27694773 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms2010001 Text en © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). |
spellingShingle | Opinion Ackermann, Hans-W. Sad State of Phage Electron Microscopy. Please Shoot the Messenger |
title | Sad State of Phage Electron Microscopy. Please Shoot the Messenger |
title_full | Sad State of Phage Electron Microscopy. Please Shoot the Messenger |
title_fullStr | Sad State of Phage Electron Microscopy. Please Shoot the Messenger |
title_full_unstemmed | Sad State of Phage Electron Microscopy. Please Shoot the Messenger |
title_short | Sad State of Phage Electron Microscopy. Please Shoot the Messenger |
title_sort | sad state of phage electron microscopy. please shoot the messenger |
topic | Opinion |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5029504/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27694773 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms2010001 |
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