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Shoot- and root-borne cytokinin influences arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis
The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is functionally important for the nutrition and growth of most terrestrial plants. Nearly all phytohormones are employed by plants to regulate the symbiosis with AM fungi, but the regulatory role of cytokinin (CK) is not well understood. Here, we used transg...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5034000/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27193443 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00572-016-0706-3 |
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author | Cosme, Marco Ramireddy, Eswarayya Franken, Philipp Schmülling, Thomas Wurst, Susanne |
author_facet | Cosme, Marco Ramireddy, Eswarayya Franken, Philipp Schmülling, Thomas Wurst, Susanne |
author_sort | Cosme, Marco |
collection | PubMed |
description | The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is functionally important for the nutrition and growth of most terrestrial plants. Nearly all phytohormones are employed by plants to regulate the symbiosis with AM fungi, but the regulatory role of cytokinin (CK) is not well understood. Here, we used transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) with a root-specific or constitutive expression of CK-degrading CKX genes and the corresponding wild-type to investigate whether a lowered content of CK in roots or in both roots and shoots influences the interaction with the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis. Our data indicates that shoot CK has a positive impact on AM fungal development in roots and on the root transcript level of an AM-responsive phosphate transporter gene (NtPT4). A reduced CK content in roots caused shoot and root growth depression following AM colonization, while neither the uptake of phosphorus or nitrogen nor the root transcript levels of NtPT4 were significantly affected. This suggests that root CK may restrict the C availability from the roots to the fungus thus averting parasitism by AM fungi. Taken together, our study indicates that shoot- and root-borne CK have distinct roles in AM symbiosis. We propose a model illustrating how plants may employ CK to regulate nutrient exchange with the ubiquitous AM fungi. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00572-016-0706-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5034000 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-50340002016-10-09 Shoot- and root-borne cytokinin influences arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis Cosme, Marco Ramireddy, Eswarayya Franken, Philipp Schmülling, Thomas Wurst, Susanne Mycorrhiza Original Article The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is functionally important for the nutrition and growth of most terrestrial plants. Nearly all phytohormones are employed by plants to regulate the symbiosis with AM fungi, but the regulatory role of cytokinin (CK) is not well understood. Here, we used transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) with a root-specific or constitutive expression of CK-degrading CKX genes and the corresponding wild-type to investigate whether a lowered content of CK in roots or in both roots and shoots influences the interaction with the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis. Our data indicates that shoot CK has a positive impact on AM fungal development in roots and on the root transcript level of an AM-responsive phosphate transporter gene (NtPT4). A reduced CK content in roots caused shoot and root growth depression following AM colonization, while neither the uptake of phosphorus or nitrogen nor the root transcript levels of NtPT4 were significantly affected. This suggests that root CK may restrict the C availability from the roots to the fungus thus averting parasitism by AM fungi. Taken together, our study indicates that shoot- and root-borne CK have distinct roles in AM symbiosis. We propose a model illustrating how plants may employ CK to regulate nutrient exchange with the ubiquitous AM fungi. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00572-016-0706-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2016-05-19 2016 /pmc/articles/PMC5034000/ /pubmed/27193443 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00572-016-0706-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2016 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Cosme, Marco Ramireddy, Eswarayya Franken, Philipp Schmülling, Thomas Wurst, Susanne Shoot- and root-borne cytokinin influences arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis |
title | Shoot- and root-borne cytokinin influences arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis |
title_full | Shoot- and root-borne cytokinin influences arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis |
title_fullStr | Shoot- and root-borne cytokinin influences arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis |
title_full_unstemmed | Shoot- and root-borne cytokinin influences arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis |
title_short | Shoot- and root-borne cytokinin influences arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis |
title_sort | shoot- and root-borne cytokinin influences arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5034000/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27193443 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00572-016-0706-3 |
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