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Magnetic resonance imaging phantoms for quality-control of myocardial T1 and ECV mapping: specific formulation, long-term stability and variation with heart rate and temperature

BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) phantoms are routinely used for quality assurance in MRI centres; however their long term stability for verification of myocardial T1/ extracellular volume fraction (ECV) mapping has never been investigated. METHODS: Nickel-chloride agarose gel phantoms w...

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Autores principales: Vassiliou, Vassilios S., Heng, Ee Ling, Gatehouse, Peter D., Donovan, Jacqueline, Raphael, Claire E., Giri, Shivraman, Babu-Narayan, Sonya V., Gatzoulis, Michael A., Pennell, Dudley J., Prasad, Sanjay K., Firmin, David N.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5034463/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27659737
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12968-016-0275-9
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author Vassiliou, Vassilios S.
Heng, Ee Ling
Gatehouse, Peter D.
Donovan, Jacqueline
Raphael, Claire E.
Giri, Shivraman
Babu-Narayan, Sonya V.
Gatzoulis, Michael A.
Pennell, Dudley J.
Prasad, Sanjay K.
Firmin, David N.
author_facet Vassiliou, Vassilios S.
Heng, Ee Ling
Gatehouse, Peter D.
Donovan, Jacqueline
Raphael, Claire E.
Giri, Shivraman
Babu-Narayan, Sonya V.
Gatzoulis, Michael A.
Pennell, Dudley J.
Prasad, Sanjay K.
Firmin, David N.
author_sort Vassiliou, Vassilios S.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) phantoms are routinely used for quality assurance in MRI centres; however their long term stability for verification of myocardial T1/ extracellular volume fraction (ECV) mapping has never been investigated. METHODS: Nickel-chloride agarose gel phantoms were formulated in a reproducible laboratory procedure to mimic blood and myocardial T1 and T2 values, native and late after Gadolinium administration as used in T1/ECV mapping. The phantoms were imaged weekly with an 11 heart beat MOLLI sequence for T1 and long TR spin-echo sequences for T2, in a carefully controlled reproducible manner for 12 months. RESULTS: There were only small relative changes seen in all the native and post gadolinium T1 values (up to 9.0 % maximal relative change in T1 values) or phantom ECV (up to 8.3 % maximal relative change of ECV, up to 2.2 % maximal absolute change in ECV) during this period. All native and post gadolinium T2 values remained stable over time with <2 % change. Temperature sensitivity testing showed MOLLI T1 values in the long T1 phantoms increasing by 23.9 ms per degree increase and short T1 phantoms increasing by 0.3 ms per degree increase. There was a small absolute increase in ECV of 0.069 % (~0.22 % relative increase in ECV) per degree increase. Variation in heart rate testing showed a 0.13 % absolute increase in ECV (~0.45 % relative increase in ECV) per 10 heart rate increase. CONCLUSIONS: These are the first phantoms reported in the literature modeling T1 and T2 values for blood and myocardium specifically for the T1mapping/ECV mapping application, with stability tested rigorously over a 12 month period. This work has significant implications for the utility of such phantoms in improving the accuracy of serial scans for myocardial tissue characterisation by T1 mapping methods and in multicentre work.
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spelling pubmed-50344632016-09-29 Magnetic resonance imaging phantoms for quality-control of myocardial T1 and ECV mapping: specific formulation, long-term stability and variation with heart rate and temperature Vassiliou, Vassilios S. Heng, Ee Ling Gatehouse, Peter D. Donovan, Jacqueline Raphael, Claire E. Giri, Shivraman Babu-Narayan, Sonya V. Gatzoulis, Michael A. Pennell, Dudley J. Prasad, Sanjay K. Firmin, David N. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson Research BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) phantoms are routinely used for quality assurance in MRI centres; however their long term stability for verification of myocardial T1/ extracellular volume fraction (ECV) mapping has never been investigated. METHODS: Nickel-chloride agarose gel phantoms were formulated in a reproducible laboratory procedure to mimic blood and myocardial T1 and T2 values, native and late after Gadolinium administration as used in T1/ECV mapping. The phantoms were imaged weekly with an 11 heart beat MOLLI sequence for T1 and long TR spin-echo sequences for T2, in a carefully controlled reproducible manner for 12 months. RESULTS: There were only small relative changes seen in all the native and post gadolinium T1 values (up to 9.0 % maximal relative change in T1 values) or phantom ECV (up to 8.3 % maximal relative change of ECV, up to 2.2 % maximal absolute change in ECV) during this period. All native and post gadolinium T2 values remained stable over time with <2 % change. Temperature sensitivity testing showed MOLLI T1 values in the long T1 phantoms increasing by 23.9 ms per degree increase and short T1 phantoms increasing by 0.3 ms per degree increase. There was a small absolute increase in ECV of 0.069 % (~0.22 % relative increase in ECV) per degree increase. Variation in heart rate testing showed a 0.13 % absolute increase in ECV (~0.45 % relative increase in ECV) per 10 heart rate increase. CONCLUSIONS: These are the first phantoms reported in the literature modeling T1 and T2 values for blood and myocardium specifically for the T1mapping/ECV mapping application, with stability tested rigorously over a 12 month period. This work has significant implications for the utility of such phantoms in improving the accuracy of serial scans for myocardial tissue characterisation by T1 mapping methods and in multicentre work. BioMed Central 2016-09-22 /pmc/articles/PMC5034463/ /pubmed/27659737 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12968-016-0275-9 Text en © The Author(s). 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Vassiliou, Vassilios S.
Heng, Ee Ling
Gatehouse, Peter D.
Donovan, Jacqueline
Raphael, Claire E.
Giri, Shivraman
Babu-Narayan, Sonya V.
Gatzoulis, Michael A.
Pennell, Dudley J.
Prasad, Sanjay K.
Firmin, David N.
Magnetic resonance imaging phantoms for quality-control of myocardial T1 and ECV mapping: specific formulation, long-term stability and variation with heart rate and temperature
title Magnetic resonance imaging phantoms for quality-control of myocardial T1 and ECV mapping: specific formulation, long-term stability and variation with heart rate and temperature
title_full Magnetic resonance imaging phantoms for quality-control of myocardial T1 and ECV mapping: specific formulation, long-term stability and variation with heart rate and temperature
title_fullStr Magnetic resonance imaging phantoms for quality-control of myocardial T1 and ECV mapping: specific formulation, long-term stability and variation with heart rate and temperature
title_full_unstemmed Magnetic resonance imaging phantoms for quality-control of myocardial T1 and ECV mapping: specific formulation, long-term stability and variation with heart rate and temperature
title_short Magnetic resonance imaging phantoms for quality-control of myocardial T1 and ECV mapping: specific formulation, long-term stability and variation with heart rate and temperature
title_sort magnetic resonance imaging phantoms for quality-control of myocardial t1 and ecv mapping: specific formulation, long-term stability and variation with heart rate and temperature
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5034463/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27659737
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12968-016-0275-9
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