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Metabolomics Analysis of the Larval Head of the Silkworm, Bombyx mori
The head, which performs many biological functions, is the most complicated structure of an insect. Development, locomotor behavior, food intake, environmental sensing, and signal transduction are all controlled by the insect’s head. As a well-studied insect in Lepidoptera, the silkworm head has an...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5037739/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27657048 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms17091460 |
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author | Li, Yi Wang, Xin Chen, Quanmei Hou, Yong Xia, Qingyou Zhao, Ping |
author_facet | Li, Yi Wang, Xin Chen, Quanmei Hou, Yong Xia, Qingyou Zhao, Ping |
author_sort | Li, Yi |
collection | PubMed |
description | The head, which performs many biological functions, is the most complicated structure of an insect. Development, locomotor behavior, food intake, environmental sensing, and signal transduction are all controlled by the insect’s head. As a well-studied insect in Lepidoptera, the silkworm head has an additional function of spinning silk fibers. To understand which molecules are involved in these physiological activities, we performed a metabolomics analysis of silkworm heads. By integrating GC-MS and LC-MS/MS, 90 metabolites were identified in the larval heads of silkworms. These were classified into 13 categories, including amino acids, sugars, organic acids, nucleotides, alcohols, and fatty acids. Informatics analysis revealed that these metabolites are involved in cellular processes, environmental information processing, genetic information processing, human diseases, metabolism, organismal systems, and other pathways. The identified metabolites and pathways are involved in biological processes such as signal transduction, carbohydrate metabolism, endocrine activities, and sensory activities; reflecting the functions of various organs in silkworm heads. Thus, our findings provide references which elucidate the potential functions of the silkworm head and will be of great value for the metabolomics research of silkworms and other insects. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5037739 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-50377392016-09-29 Metabolomics Analysis of the Larval Head of the Silkworm, Bombyx mori Li, Yi Wang, Xin Chen, Quanmei Hou, Yong Xia, Qingyou Zhao, Ping Int J Mol Sci Article The head, which performs many biological functions, is the most complicated structure of an insect. Development, locomotor behavior, food intake, environmental sensing, and signal transduction are all controlled by the insect’s head. As a well-studied insect in Lepidoptera, the silkworm head has an additional function of spinning silk fibers. To understand which molecules are involved in these physiological activities, we performed a metabolomics analysis of silkworm heads. By integrating GC-MS and LC-MS/MS, 90 metabolites were identified in the larval heads of silkworms. These were classified into 13 categories, including amino acids, sugars, organic acids, nucleotides, alcohols, and fatty acids. Informatics analysis revealed that these metabolites are involved in cellular processes, environmental information processing, genetic information processing, human diseases, metabolism, organismal systems, and other pathways. The identified metabolites and pathways are involved in biological processes such as signal transduction, carbohydrate metabolism, endocrine activities, and sensory activities; reflecting the functions of various organs in silkworm heads. Thus, our findings provide references which elucidate the potential functions of the silkworm head and will be of great value for the metabolomics research of silkworms and other insects. MDPI 2016-09-20 /pmc/articles/PMC5037739/ /pubmed/27657048 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms17091460 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Li, Yi Wang, Xin Chen, Quanmei Hou, Yong Xia, Qingyou Zhao, Ping Metabolomics Analysis of the Larval Head of the Silkworm, Bombyx mori |
title | Metabolomics Analysis of the Larval Head of the Silkworm, Bombyx mori |
title_full | Metabolomics Analysis of the Larval Head of the Silkworm, Bombyx mori |
title_fullStr | Metabolomics Analysis of the Larval Head of the Silkworm, Bombyx mori |
title_full_unstemmed | Metabolomics Analysis of the Larval Head of the Silkworm, Bombyx mori |
title_short | Metabolomics Analysis of the Larval Head of the Silkworm, Bombyx mori |
title_sort | metabolomics analysis of the larval head of the silkworm, bombyx mori |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5037739/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27657048 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms17091460 |
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