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Primary Nocturnal Enuresis: A Review

CONTEXT: Nocturnal enuresis or bedwetting is the most common type of urinary incontinence in children. It has significant psychological effects on both the child and the family. Enuresis nocturna is defined as the inability to hold urine during the night in children who have completed toilet trainin...

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Autores principales: Arda, Ersan, Cakiroglu, Basri, Thomas, David T.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Kowsar 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5039962/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27703953
http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/numonthly.35809
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author Arda, Ersan
Cakiroglu, Basri
Thomas, David T.
author_facet Arda, Ersan
Cakiroglu, Basri
Thomas, David T.
author_sort Arda, Ersan
collection PubMed
description CONTEXT: Nocturnal enuresis or bedwetting is the most common type of urinary incontinence in children. It has significant psychological effects on both the child and the family. Enuresis nocturna is defined as the inability to hold urine during the night in children who have completed toilet training. It is termed as being “primary” if no continence has ever been achieved or “secondary if it follows at least 6 months of dry nights. The aim of this review was to assemble the pathophysiological background and general information about nocturnal enuresis. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: This review was performed by evaluating the literature on nocturnal enuresis published between 1970 and 2015, available via PubMed and using the keywords “nocturnal enuresis,” “incontinence,” “pediatric,” “review,” and “treatment.” RESULTS: Children with nocturnal enuresis produce urine at higher rates during the night, and may have lower bladder capacities. Some children with nocturnal enuresis may also have daytime urgency, frequency, and urinary incontinence. Treatment includes aggressive treatment of accompanying constipation or urinary tract infections, behavioral changes, and medical therapy. Alarm therapy remains the first-line treatment modality for primary nocturnal enuresis. High rates of patient compliance and relapse mean that alternative treatments remain on the agenda. CONCLUSIONS: Nocturnal enuresis is a common problem that has multifaceted effects on both the child and the family. Due to multiple etiologic factors, nocturnal enuresis is still not clearly defined.
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spelling pubmed-50399622016-10-04 Primary Nocturnal Enuresis: A Review Arda, Ersan Cakiroglu, Basri Thomas, David T. Nephrourol Mon Review Article CONTEXT: Nocturnal enuresis or bedwetting is the most common type of urinary incontinence in children. It has significant psychological effects on both the child and the family. Enuresis nocturna is defined as the inability to hold urine during the night in children who have completed toilet training. It is termed as being “primary” if no continence has ever been achieved or “secondary if it follows at least 6 months of dry nights. The aim of this review was to assemble the pathophysiological background and general information about nocturnal enuresis. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: This review was performed by evaluating the literature on nocturnal enuresis published between 1970 and 2015, available via PubMed and using the keywords “nocturnal enuresis,” “incontinence,” “pediatric,” “review,” and “treatment.” RESULTS: Children with nocturnal enuresis produce urine at higher rates during the night, and may have lower bladder capacities. Some children with nocturnal enuresis may also have daytime urgency, frequency, and urinary incontinence. Treatment includes aggressive treatment of accompanying constipation or urinary tract infections, behavioral changes, and medical therapy. Alarm therapy remains the first-line treatment modality for primary nocturnal enuresis. High rates of patient compliance and relapse mean that alternative treatments remain on the agenda. CONCLUSIONS: Nocturnal enuresis is a common problem that has multifaceted effects on both the child and the family. Due to multiple etiologic factors, nocturnal enuresis is still not clearly defined. Kowsar 2016-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC5039962/ /pubmed/27703953 http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/numonthly.35809 Text en Copyright © 2016, Nephrology and Urology Research Center http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits copy and redistribute the material just in noncommercial usages, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Arda, Ersan
Cakiroglu, Basri
Thomas, David T.
Primary Nocturnal Enuresis: A Review
title Primary Nocturnal Enuresis: A Review
title_full Primary Nocturnal Enuresis: A Review
title_fullStr Primary Nocturnal Enuresis: A Review
title_full_unstemmed Primary Nocturnal Enuresis: A Review
title_short Primary Nocturnal Enuresis: A Review
title_sort primary nocturnal enuresis: a review
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5039962/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27703953
http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/numonthly.35809
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