Genome characterization of two NADC30-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses in China

BACKGROUND: The recent emergence of NADC30-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in vaccinated pigs arose more attentions for the high incidents of mutation and recombination of PRRSVs. FINDINGS: In this study, we determined full-length genome sequences of two NADC30-like PRRSV isolates from recent PRRSV outbreaks in China. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these two isolates were clustered in an independent branch together with NADC30, an American isolate in 2008. Genetically, HNjz15 shared 95.6 % nucleotide similarity to NADC30 without any exotic gene insertion. By contrast, HNyc15 shared 93.8 % similarity to NADC30 with recombination with VR-2332 and CH-1a. Two more previously reported NADC30-like PRRSVs were also analyzed and had exotic gene insertions with different PRRSV strains in their nonstructural protein genes. CONCLUSIONS: The above results showed the increased mutation and recombination rates of NADC30-like PRRSV under current vaccination pressure and a more pressing situation for the PRRSV eradication and control in China. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40064-016-3336-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.