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Air pollution and urinary n-acetyl-B-glucosaminidase levels in residents living near a cement plant

BACKGROUND: To identify adverse renal effects due to air pollution derived from a cement plant in Korea. Urinary n-acetyl-B-glucosaminidase (U-NAG) levels in residents living near a cement plant were compared to those in a group who lived farther away from the plant. METHODS: From June to August 201...

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Autores principales: Jung, Min Soo, Kim, Jae Yoon, Lee, Hyun Seung, Lee, Chul Gab, Song, Han Soo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5041281/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27708787
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0138-8
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author Jung, Min Soo
Kim, Jae Yoon
Lee, Hyun Seung
Lee, Chul Gab
Song, Han Soo
author_facet Jung, Min Soo
Kim, Jae Yoon
Lee, Hyun Seung
Lee, Chul Gab
Song, Han Soo
author_sort Jung, Min Soo
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: To identify adverse renal effects due to air pollution derived from a cement plant in Korea. Urinary n-acetyl-B-glucosaminidase (U-NAG) levels in residents living near a cement plant were compared to those in a group who lived farther away from the plant. METHODS: From June to August 2013 and from August to November 2014, laboratory tests for U-NAG and heavy metal were conducted on 547 study participants. Based on the level of air pollution exposure, subjects were divided into the “less exposed group,” (LEG) which consisted of 66 persons who lived more than 5 km away from the cement plant, the “more exposed group from the rural area” (MEG-R), which consisted of 272 persons, and the “more exposed group from downtown area” (MEG-D), which consisted of 209 persons who lived within a 1 km radius of the cement plant. U-NAG levels >5.67 U/L were defined as “higher U-NAG” levels. We compared the prevalence of higher U-NAG levels and estimated the adjusted odds ratio (OR) by air pollution exposure using a chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis. Further, we estimated the interaction between air pollution exposure and heavy metal exposure in renal toxicity. RESULTS: The OR of higher U-NAG levels by MEG-D and MEG-R compared to LEG was 2.13 (95 % CI 0.86–4.96) and 4.79 (95 CI 1.65–10.01), respectively. Urinary cadmium (U-Cd), urinary mercury (U-Hg), age, occupation, hypertension, and diabetes had a significant association with higher U-NAG levels. However, blood lead (B-Pb), sex, and smoking were not associated with higher U-NAG. Especially, concurrent exposure to heavy metals (U-Hg or/and U-Cd) and air pollution had an additive adverse effect. In the group with both 4(th) quartile heavy metal exposure (U-Cd or/and U-Hg) and air pollution exposure, the OR in MEG-R and MEG-D was 6.49 (95 % 1.42–29.65) and 8.12 (95 % CI 1.74–37.92), respectively, after adjustment for age, occupation, hypertension, diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: U-NAG levels seem to be affected by air pollution exposure as well as age, hypertension, diabetes, and even low levels of cadmium and low levels of mercury. Moreover, concurrent exposure to heavy metals and air pollution can have additive cytotoxic renal effects.
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spelling pubmed-50412812016-10-05 Air pollution and urinary n-acetyl-B-glucosaminidase levels in residents living near a cement plant Jung, Min Soo Kim, Jae Yoon Lee, Hyun Seung Lee, Chul Gab Song, Han Soo Ann Occup Environ Med Research Article BACKGROUND: To identify adverse renal effects due to air pollution derived from a cement plant in Korea. Urinary n-acetyl-B-glucosaminidase (U-NAG) levels in residents living near a cement plant were compared to those in a group who lived farther away from the plant. METHODS: From June to August 2013 and from August to November 2014, laboratory tests for U-NAG and heavy metal were conducted on 547 study participants. Based on the level of air pollution exposure, subjects were divided into the “less exposed group,” (LEG) which consisted of 66 persons who lived more than 5 km away from the cement plant, the “more exposed group from the rural area” (MEG-R), which consisted of 272 persons, and the “more exposed group from downtown area” (MEG-D), which consisted of 209 persons who lived within a 1 km radius of the cement plant. U-NAG levels >5.67 U/L were defined as “higher U-NAG” levels. We compared the prevalence of higher U-NAG levels and estimated the adjusted odds ratio (OR) by air pollution exposure using a chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis. Further, we estimated the interaction between air pollution exposure and heavy metal exposure in renal toxicity. RESULTS: The OR of higher U-NAG levels by MEG-D and MEG-R compared to LEG was 2.13 (95 % CI 0.86–4.96) and 4.79 (95 CI 1.65–10.01), respectively. Urinary cadmium (U-Cd), urinary mercury (U-Hg), age, occupation, hypertension, and diabetes had a significant association with higher U-NAG levels. However, blood lead (B-Pb), sex, and smoking were not associated with higher U-NAG. Especially, concurrent exposure to heavy metals (U-Hg or/and U-Cd) and air pollution had an additive adverse effect. In the group with both 4(th) quartile heavy metal exposure (U-Cd or/and U-Hg) and air pollution exposure, the OR in MEG-R and MEG-D was 6.49 (95 % 1.42–29.65) and 8.12 (95 % CI 1.74–37.92), respectively, after adjustment for age, occupation, hypertension, diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: U-NAG levels seem to be affected by air pollution exposure as well as age, hypertension, diabetes, and even low levels of cadmium and low levels of mercury. Moreover, concurrent exposure to heavy metals and air pollution can have additive cytotoxic renal effects. BioMed Central 2016-09-29 /pmc/articles/PMC5041281/ /pubmed/27708787 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0138-8 Text en © The Author(s). 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Jung, Min Soo
Kim, Jae Yoon
Lee, Hyun Seung
Lee, Chul Gab
Song, Han Soo
Air pollution and urinary n-acetyl-B-glucosaminidase levels in residents living near a cement plant
title Air pollution and urinary n-acetyl-B-glucosaminidase levels in residents living near a cement plant
title_full Air pollution and urinary n-acetyl-B-glucosaminidase levels in residents living near a cement plant
title_fullStr Air pollution and urinary n-acetyl-B-glucosaminidase levels in residents living near a cement plant
title_full_unstemmed Air pollution and urinary n-acetyl-B-glucosaminidase levels in residents living near a cement plant
title_short Air pollution and urinary n-acetyl-B-glucosaminidase levels in residents living near a cement plant
title_sort air pollution and urinary n-acetyl-b-glucosaminidase levels in residents living near a cement plant
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5041281/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27708787
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0138-8
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