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Cytoskeletal architecture and its evolutionary significance in amoeboid eukaryotes and their mode of locomotion

The cytoskeleton is the hallmark of eukaryotic evolution. The molecular and architectural aspects of the cytoskeleton have been playing a prominent role in our understanding of the origin and evolution of eukaryotes. In this study, we seek to investigate the cytoskeleton architecture and its evoluti...

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Autores principales: Tekle, Yonas I., Williams, Jessica R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5043310/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27703691
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160283
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author Tekle, Yonas I.
Williams, Jessica R.
author_facet Tekle, Yonas I.
Williams, Jessica R.
author_sort Tekle, Yonas I.
collection PubMed
description The cytoskeleton is the hallmark of eukaryotic evolution. The molecular and architectural aspects of the cytoskeleton have been playing a prominent role in our understanding of the origin and evolution of eukaryotes. In this study, we seek to investigate the cytoskeleton architecture and its evolutionary significance in understudied amoeboid lineages belonging to Amoebozoa. These amoebae primarily use cytoplasmic extensions supported by the cytoskeleton to perform important cellular processes such as movement and feeding. Amoeboid structure has important taxonomic significance, but, owing to techniques used, its potential significance in understanding diversity of the group has been seriously compromised, leading to an under-appreciation of its value. Here, we used immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy to study the architecture of microtubules (MTs) and F-actin in diverse groups of amoebae. Our results demonstrate that all Amoebozoa examined are characterized by a complex cytoskeletal array, unlike what has been previously thought to exist. Our results not only conclusively demonstrate that all amoebozoans possess complex cytoplasmic MTs, but also provide, for the first time, a potential synapomorphy for the molecularly defined Amoebozoa clade. Based on this evidence, the last common ancestor of amoebozoans is hypothesized to have had a complex interwoven MT architecture limited within the granular cell body. We also generate several cytoskeleton characters related to MT and F-actin, which are found to be robust for defining groups in deep and shallow nodes of Amoebozoa.
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spelling pubmed-50433102016-10-04 Cytoskeletal architecture and its evolutionary significance in amoeboid eukaryotes and their mode of locomotion Tekle, Yonas I. Williams, Jessica R. R Soc Open Sci Biology (Whole Organism) The cytoskeleton is the hallmark of eukaryotic evolution. The molecular and architectural aspects of the cytoskeleton have been playing a prominent role in our understanding of the origin and evolution of eukaryotes. In this study, we seek to investigate the cytoskeleton architecture and its evolutionary significance in understudied amoeboid lineages belonging to Amoebozoa. These amoebae primarily use cytoplasmic extensions supported by the cytoskeleton to perform important cellular processes such as movement and feeding. Amoeboid structure has important taxonomic significance, but, owing to techniques used, its potential significance in understanding diversity of the group has been seriously compromised, leading to an under-appreciation of its value. Here, we used immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy to study the architecture of microtubules (MTs) and F-actin in diverse groups of amoebae. Our results demonstrate that all Amoebozoa examined are characterized by a complex cytoskeletal array, unlike what has been previously thought to exist. Our results not only conclusively demonstrate that all amoebozoans possess complex cytoplasmic MTs, but also provide, for the first time, a potential synapomorphy for the molecularly defined Amoebozoa clade. Based on this evidence, the last common ancestor of amoebozoans is hypothesized to have had a complex interwoven MT architecture limited within the granular cell body. We also generate several cytoskeleton characters related to MT and F-actin, which are found to be robust for defining groups in deep and shallow nodes of Amoebozoa. The Royal Society 2016-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC5043310/ /pubmed/27703691 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160283 Text en © 2016 The Authors. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Biology (Whole Organism)
Tekle, Yonas I.
Williams, Jessica R.
Cytoskeletal architecture and its evolutionary significance in amoeboid eukaryotes and their mode of locomotion
title Cytoskeletal architecture and its evolutionary significance in amoeboid eukaryotes and their mode of locomotion
title_full Cytoskeletal architecture and its evolutionary significance in amoeboid eukaryotes and their mode of locomotion
title_fullStr Cytoskeletal architecture and its evolutionary significance in amoeboid eukaryotes and their mode of locomotion
title_full_unstemmed Cytoskeletal architecture and its evolutionary significance in amoeboid eukaryotes and their mode of locomotion
title_short Cytoskeletal architecture and its evolutionary significance in amoeboid eukaryotes and their mode of locomotion
title_sort cytoskeletal architecture and its evolutionary significance in amoeboid eukaryotes and their mode of locomotion
topic Biology (Whole Organism)
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5043310/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27703691
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160283
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