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Mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer risk: a pooled analysis of three Italian case–control studies

BACKGROUND: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with a reduced risk of several cancers. However, studies conducted in Mediterranean regions are scanty. METHODS: To investigate the relation between MD and colorectal cancer risk in Italy, we pooled data from three case–control studi...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rosato, Valentina, Guercio, Valentina, Bosetti, Cristina, Negri, Eva, Serraino, Diego, Giacosa, Attilio, Montella, Maurizio, La Vecchia, Carlo, Tavani, Alessandra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5046203/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27537381
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2016.245
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with a reduced risk of several cancers. However, studies conducted in Mediterranean regions are scanty. METHODS: To investigate the relation between MD and colorectal cancer risk in Italy, we pooled data from three case–control studies, including a total of 3745 colorectal cancer cases and 6804 hospital controls. Adherence to the MD was assessed using an a priori Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), based on nine components. RESULTS: Compared with the lowest adherence to the MD (0–2 MDS), the odds ratio (OR) was 0.52 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.43–0.62) for the highest adherence (7–9 MDS), with a significant inverse trend in risk (P<0.0001). The OR for a 1-point increment in the MDS was 0.89 (95% CI 0.86–0.91). The inverse association was consistent across studies, cancer anatomical subsites and strata of selected covariates. CONCLUSIONS: This Italian study confirms a favourable role of MD on colorectal cancer risk.