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Similar contrast sensitivity functions measured using psychophysics and optokinetic nystagmus
Although the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) is a particularly useful way of characterising functional vision, its measurement relies on observers making reliable perceptual reports. Such procedures can be challenging when testing children. Here we describe a system for measuring the CSF using a...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5048294/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27698486 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep34514 |
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author | Dakin, Steven C. Turnbull, Philip R. K. |
author_facet | Dakin, Steven C. Turnbull, Philip R. K. |
author_sort | Dakin, Steven C. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Although the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) is a particularly useful way of characterising functional vision, its measurement relies on observers making reliable perceptual reports. Such procedures can be challenging when testing children. Here we describe a system for measuring the CSF using an automated analysis of optokinetic nystagmus (OKN); an involuntary oscillatory eye movement made in response to drifting stimuli, here spatial-frequency (SF) band-pass noise. Quantifying the strength of OKN in the stimulus direction allows us to estimate contrast sensitivity across a range of SFs. We compared the CSFs of 30 observers with normal vision measured using both OKN and perceptual report. The approaches yield near-identical CSFs (mean R = 0.95) that capture subtle intra-observer variations in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity (both R = 0.84, p < 0.0001). Trial-by-trial analysis reveals high correlation between OKN and perceptual report, a signature of a common neural mechanism for determining stimulus direction. We also observe conditions where OKN and report are significantly decorrelated as a result of a minority of observers experiencing direction-reversals that are not reflected by OKN. We conclude that there are a wide range of stimulus conditions for which OKN can provide a valid alternative means of measuring of the CSF. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5048294 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-50482942016-10-11 Similar contrast sensitivity functions measured using psychophysics and optokinetic nystagmus Dakin, Steven C. Turnbull, Philip R. K. Sci Rep Article Although the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) is a particularly useful way of characterising functional vision, its measurement relies on observers making reliable perceptual reports. Such procedures can be challenging when testing children. Here we describe a system for measuring the CSF using an automated analysis of optokinetic nystagmus (OKN); an involuntary oscillatory eye movement made in response to drifting stimuli, here spatial-frequency (SF) band-pass noise. Quantifying the strength of OKN in the stimulus direction allows us to estimate contrast sensitivity across a range of SFs. We compared the CSFs of 30 observers with normal vision measured using both OKN and perceptual report. The approaches yield near-identical CSFs (mean R = 0.95) that capture subtle intra-observer variations in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity (both R = 0.84, p < 0.0001). Trial-by-trial analysis reveals high correlation between OKN and perceptual report, a signature of a common neural mechanism for determining stimulus direction. We also observe conditions where OKN and report are significantly decorrelated as a result of a minority of observers experiencing direction-reversals that are not reflected by OKN. We conclude that there are a wide range of stimulus conditions for which OKN can provide a valid alternative means of measuring of the CSF. Nature Publishing Group 2016-10-04 /pmc/articles/PMC5048294/ /pubmed/27698486 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep34514 Text en Copyright © 2016, The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Article Dakin, Steven C. Turnbull, Philip R. K. Similar contrast sensitivity functions measured using psychophysics and optokinetic nystagmus |
title | Similar contrast sensitivity functions measured using psychophysics and optokinetic nystagmus |
title_full | Similar contrast sensitivity functions measured using psychophysics and optokinetic nystagmus |
title_fullStr | Similar contrast sensitivity functions measured using psychophysics and optokinetic nystagmus |
title_full_unstemmed | Similar contrast sensitivity functions measured using psychophysics and optokinetic nystagmus |
title_short | Similar contrast sensitivity functions measured using psychophysics and optokinetic nystagmus |
title_sort | similar contrast sensitivity functions measured using psychophysics and optokinetic nystagmus |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5048294/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27698486 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep34514 |
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