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More than 50% of Clostridium difficile Isolates from Pet Dogs in Flagstaff, USA, Carry Toxigenic Genotypes

Nosocomial acquisition of Clostridium difficile is well documented, yet recent studies have highlighted the importance of community acquired infections and identified community associated reservoirs for this pathogen. Multiple studies have implicated companion pets and farm animals as possible sourc...

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Autores principales: Stone, Nathan E., Sidak-Loftis, Lindsay C., Sahl, Jason W., Vazquez, Adam J., Wiggins, Kristin B., Gillece, John D., Hicks, Nathan D., Schupp, James M., Busch, Joseph D., Keim, Paul, Wagner, David M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5056695/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27723795
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0164504
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author Stone, Nathan E.
Sidak-Loftis, Lindsay C.
Sahl, Jason W.
Vazquez, Adam J.
Wiggins, Kristin B.
Gillece, John D.
Hicks, Nathan D.
Schupp, James M.
Busch, Joseph D.
Keim, Paul
Wagner, David M.
author_facet Stone, Nathan E.
Sidak-Loftis, Lindsay C.
Sahl, Jason W.
Vazquez, Adam J.
Wiggins, Kristin B.
Gillece, John D.
Hicks, Nathan D.
Schupp, James M.
Busch, Joseph D.
Keim, Paul
Wagner, David M.
author_sort Stone, Nathan E.
collection PubMed
description Nosocomial acquisition of Clostridium difficile is well documented, yet recent studies have highlighted the importance of community acquired infections and identified community associated reservoirs for this pathogen. Multiple studies have implicated companion pets and farm animals as possible sources of community acquired C. difficile infections in humans. To explore the potential role of pet dogs in human C. difficile infections we systematically collected canine fecal samples (n = 197) in Flagstaff, AZ. Additionally, nineteen fecal samples were collected at a local veterinary clinic from diarrheic dogs. We used these combined samples to investigate important questions regarding C. difficile colonization in pet canines: 1) What is the prevalence and diversity of C. difficile in this companion pet population, and 2) Do C. difficile isolates collected from canines genetically overlap with isolates that cause disease in humans? We used a two-step sequence typing approach, including multilocus sequence typing to determine the overall genetic diversity of C. difficile present in Flagstaff canines, and whole-genome sequencing to assess the fine-scale diversity patterns within identical multilocus sequence types from isolates obtained within and among multiple canine hosts. We detected C. difficile in 17% of the canine fecal samples with 10% containing toxigenic strains that are known to cause human disease. Sequencing analyses revealed similar genotypes in dogs and humans. These findings suggest that companion pets are a potential source of community acquired C. difficile infections in humans.
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spelling pubmed-50566952016-10-27 More than 50% of Clostridium difficile Isolates from Pet Dogs in Flagstaff, USA, Carry Toxigenic Genotypes Stone, Nathan E. Sidak-Loftis, Lindsay C. Sahl, Jason W. Vazquez, Adam J. Wiggins, Kristin B. Gillece, John D. Hicks, Nathan D. Schupp, James M. Busch, Joseph D. Keim, Paul Wagner, David M. PLoS One Research Article Nosocomial acquisition of Clostridium difficile is well documented, yet recent studies have highlighted the importance of community acquired infections and identified community associated reservoirs for this pathogen. Multiple studies have implicated companion pets and farm animals as possible sources of community acquired C. difficile infections in humans. To explore the potential role of pet dogs in human C. difficile infections we systematically collected canine fecal samples (n = 197) in Flagstaff, AZ. Additionally, nineteen fecal samples were collected at a local veterinary clinic from diarrheic dogs. We used these combined samples to investigate important questions regarding C. difficile colonization in pet canines: 1) What is the prevalence and diversity of C. difficile in this companion pet population, and 2) Do C. difficile isolates collected from canines genetically overlap with isolates that cause disease in humans? We used a two-step sequence typing approach, including multilocus sequence typing to determine the overall genetic diversity of C. difficile present in Flagstaff canines, and whole-genome sequencing to assess the fine-scale diversity patterns within identical multilocus sequence types from isolates obtained within and among multiple canine hosts. We detected C. difficile in 17% of the canine fecal samples with 10% containing toxigenic strains that are known to cause human disease. Sequencing analyses revealed similar genotypes in dogs and humans. These findings suggest that companion pets are a potential source of community acquired C. difficile infections in humans. Public Library of Science 2016-10-10 /pmc/articles/PMC5056695/ /pubmed/27723795 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0164504 Text en © 2016 Stone et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Stone, Nathan E.
Sidak-Loftis, Lindsay C.
Sahl, Jason W.
Vazquez, Adam J.
Wiggins, Kristin B.
Gillece, John D.
Hicks, Nathan D.
Schupp, James M.
Busch, Joseph D.
Keim, Paul
Wagner, David M.
More than 50% of Clostridium difficile Isolates from Pet Dogs in Flagstaff, USA, Carry Toxigenic Genotypes
title More than 50% of Clostridium difficile Isolates from Pet Dogs in Flagstaff, USA, Carry Toxigenic Genotypes
title_full More than 50% of Clostridium difficile Isolates from Pet Dogs in Flagstaff, USA, Carry Toxigenic Genotypes
title_fullStr More than 50% of Clostridium difficile Isolates from Pet Dogs in Flagstaff, USA, Carry Toxigenic Genotypes
title_full_unstemmed More than 50% of Clostridium difficile Isolates from Pet Dogs in Flagstaff, USA, Carry Toxigenic Genotypes
title_short More than 50% of Clostridium difficile Isolates from Pet Dogs in Flagstaff, USA, Carry Toxigenic Genotypes
title_sort more than 50% of clostridium difficile isolates from pet dogs in flagstaff, usa, carry toxigenic genotypes
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5056695/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27723795
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0164504
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