Cargando…

Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacogenetic, and Other Factors Influencing CNS Penetration of Antiretrovirals

Neurological complications associated with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are a matter of great concern. While antiretroviral (ARV) drugs are the cornerstone of HIV treatment and typically produce neurological benefit, some ARV drugs have limited CNS penetration while others have been associ...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Nwogu, Jacinta Nwamaka, Ma, Qing, Babalola, Chinedum Peace, Adedeji, Waheed Adeola, Morse, Gene D., Taiwo, Babafemi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5061948/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27777797
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2587094
_version_ 1782459675701149696
author Nwogu, Jacinta Nwamaka
Ma, Qing
Babalola, Chinedum Peace
Adedeji, Waheed Adeola
Morse, Gene D.
Taiwo, Babafemi
author_facet Nwogu, Jacinta Nwamaka
Ma, Qing
Babalola, Chinedum Peace
Adedeji, Waheed Adeola
Morse, Gene D.
Taiwo, Babafemi
author_sort Nwogu, Jacinta Nwamaka
collection PubMed
description Neurological complications associated with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are a matter of great concern. While antiretroviral (ARV) drugs are the cornerstone of HIV treatment and typically produce neurological benefit, some ARV drugs have limited CNS penetration while others have been associated with neurotoxicity. CNS penetration is a function of several factors including sieving role of blood-brain and blood-CSF barriers and activity of innate drug transporters. Other factors are related to pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics of the specific ARV agent or mediated by drug interactions, local inflammation, and blood flow. In this review, we provide an overview of the various factors influencing CNS penetration of ARV drugs with an emphasis on those commonly used in sub-Saharan Africa. We also summarize some key associations between ARV drug penetration, CNS efficacy, and neurotoxicity.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5061948
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2016
publisher Hindawi Publishing Corporation
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-50619482016-10-24 Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacogenetic, and Other Factors Influencing CNS Penetration of Antiretrovirals Nwogu, Jacinta Nwamaka Ma, Qing Babalola, Chinedum Peace Adedeji, Waheed Adeola Morse, Gene D. Taiwo, Babafemi AIDS Res Treat Review Article Neurological complications associated with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are a matter of great concern. While antiretroviral (ARV) drugs are the cornerstone of HIV treatment and typically produce neurological benefit, some ARV drugs have limited CNS penetration while others have been associated with neurotoxicity. CNS penetration is a function of several factors including sieving role of blood-brain and blood-CSF barriers and activity of innate drug transporters. Other factors are related to pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics of the specific ARV agent or mediated by drug interactions, local inflammation, and blood flow. In this review, we provide an overview of the various factors influencing CNS penetration of ARV drugs with an emphasis on those commonly used in sub-Saharan Africa. We also summarize some key associations between ARV drug penetration, CNS efficacy, and neurotoxicity. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 2016-09-29 /pmc/articles/PMC5061948/ /pubmed/27777797 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2587094 Text en Copyright © 2016 Jacinta Nwamaka Nwogu et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Nwogu, Jacinta Nwamaka
Ma, Qing
Babalola, Chinedum Peace
Adedeji, Waheed Adeola
Morse, Gene D.
Taiwo, Babafemi
Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacogenetic, and Other Factors Influencing CNS Penetration of Antiretrovirals
title Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacogenetic, and Other Factors Influencing CNS Penetration of Antiretrovirals
title_full Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacogenetic, and Other Factors Influencing CNS Penetration of Antiretrovirals
title_fullStr Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacogenetic, and Other Factors Influencing CNS Penetration of Antiretrovirals
title_full_unstemmed Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacogenetic, and Other Factors Influencing CNS Penetration of Antiretrovirals
title_short Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacogenetic, and Other Factors Influencing CNS Penetration of Antiretrovirals
title_sort pharmacokinetic, pharmacogenetic, and other factors influencing cns penetration of antiretrovirals
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5061948/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27777797
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2587094
work_keys_str_mv AT nwogujacintanwamaka pharmacokineticpharmacogeneticandotherfactorsinfluencingcnspenetrationofantiretrovirals
AT maqing pharmacokineticpharmacogeneticandotherfactorsinfluencingcnspenetrationofantiretrovirals
AT babalolachinedumpeace pharmacokineticpharmacogeneticandotherfactorsinfluencingcnspenetrationofantiretrovirals
AT adedejiwaheedadeola pharmacokineticpharmacogeneticandotherfactorsinfluencingcnspenetrationofantiretrovirals
AT morsegened pharmacokineticpharmacogeneticandotherfactorsinfluencingcnspenetrationofantiretrovirals
AT taiwobabafemi pharmacokineticpharmacogeneticandotherfactorsinfluencingcnspenetrationofantiretrovirals