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Interferon Gamma: Influence on Neural Stem Cell Function in Neurodegenerative and Neuroinflammatory Disease
Interferon-gamma (IFNγ), a pleiotropic cytokine, is expressed in diverse neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory conditions. Its protective mechanisms are well documented during viral infections in the brain, where IFNγ mediates non-cytolytic viral control in infected neurons. However, IFNγ also pla...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Libertas Academica
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5065109/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27774000 http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/CPath.S40497 |
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author | Kulkarni, Apurva Ganesan, Priya O’Donnell, Lauren A. |
author_facet | Kulkarni, Apurva Ganesan, Priya O’Donnell, Lauren A. |
author_sort | Kulkarni, Apurva |
collection | PubMed |
description | Interferon-gamma (IFNγ), a pleiotropic cytokine, is expressed in diverse neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory conditions. Its protective mechanisms are well documented during viral infections in the brain, where IFNγ mediates non-cytolytic viral control in infected neurons. However, IFNγ also plays both protective and pathological roles in other central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Of the many neural cells that respond to IFNγ, neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs), the only pluripotent cells in the developing and adult brain, are often altered during CNS insults. Recent studies highlight the complex effects of IFNγ on NSPC activity in neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanisms that mediate these effects, and the eventual outcomes for the host, are still being explored. Here, we review the effects of IFNγ on NSPC activity during different pathological insults. An improved understanding of the role of IFNγ would provide insight into the impact of immune responses on the progression and resolution of neurodegenerative diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5065109 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Libertas Academica |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-50651092016-10-21 Interferon Gamma: Influence on Neural Stem Cell Function in Neurodegenerative and Neuroinflammatory Disease Kulkarni, Apurva Ganesan, Priya O’Donnell, Lauren A. Clin Med Insights Pathol Review Interferon-gamma (IFNγ), a pleiotropic cytokine, is expressed in diverse neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory conditions. Its protective mechanisms are well documented during viral infections in the brain, where IFNγ mediates non-cytolytic viral control in infected neurons. However, IFNγ also plays both protective and pathological roles in other central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Of the many neural cells that respond to IFNγ, neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs), the only pluripotent cells in the developing and adult brain, are often altered during CNS insults. Recent studies highlight the complex effects of IFNγ on NSPC activity in neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanisms that mediate these effects, and the eventual outcomes for the host, are still being explored. Here, we review the effects of IFNγ on NSPC activity during different pathological insults. An improved understanding of the role of IFNγ would provide insight into the impact of immune responses on the progression and resolution of neurodegenerative diseases. Libertas Academica 2016-10-13 /pmc/articles/PMC5065109/ /pubmed/27774000 http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/CPath.S40497 Text en © 2016 the author(s), publisher and licensee Libertas Academica Ltd. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC 3.0 License. |
spellingShingle | Review Kulkarni, Apurva Ganesan, Priya O’Donnell, Lauren A. Interferon Gamma: Influence on Neural Stem Cell Function in Neurodegenerative and Neuroinflammatory Disease |
title | Interferon Gamma: Influence on Neural Stem Cell Function in Neurodegenerative and Neuroinflammatory Disease |
title_full | Interferon Gamma: Influence on Neural Stem Cell Function in Neurodegenerative and Neuroinflammatory Disease |
title_fullStr | Interferon Gamma: Influence on Neural Stem Cell Function in Neurodegenerative and Neuroinflammatory Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Interferon Gamma: Influence on Neural Stem Cell Function in Neurodegenerative and Neuroinflammatory Disease |
title_short | Interferon Gamma: Influence on Neural Stem Cell Function in Neurodegenerative and Neuroinflammatory Disease |
title_sort | interferon gamma: influence on neural stem cell function in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disease |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5065109/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27774000 http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/CPath.S40497 |
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