Cargando…
Comparative risk assessment of tobacco smoke constituents using the margin of exposure approach: the neglected contribution of nicotine
Nicotine was not included in previous efforts to identify the most important toxicants of tobacco smoke. A health risk assessment of nicotine for smokers of cigarettes was conducted using the margin of exposure (MOE) approach and results were compared to literature MOEs of various other tobacco toxi...
Autores principales: | , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group
2016
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5069659/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27759090 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep35577 |
_version_ | 1782460980681244672 |
---|---|
author | Baumung, Claudia Rehm, Jürgen Franke, Heike Lachenmeier, Dirk W. |
author_facet | Baumung, Claudia Rehm, Jürgen Franke, Heike Lachenmeier, Dirk W. |
author_sort | Baumung, Claudia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Nicotine was not included in previous efforts to identify the most important toxicants of tobacco smoke. A health risk assessment of nicotine for smokers of cigarettes was conducted using the margin of exposure (MOE) approach and results were compared to literature MOEs of various other tobacco toxicants. The MOE is defined as ratio between toxicological threshold (benchmark dose) and estimated human intake. Dose-response modelling of human and animal data was used to derive the benchmark dose. The MOE was calculated using probabilistic Monte Carlo simulations for daily cigarette smokers. Benchmark dose values ranged from 0.004 mg/kg bodyweight for symptoms of intoxication in children to 3 mg/kg bodyweight for mortality in animals; MOEs ranged from below 1 up to 7.6 indicating a considerable consumer risk. The dimension of the MOEs is similar to those of other tobacco toxicants with high concerns relating to adverse health effects such as acrolein or formaldehyde. Owing to the lack of toxicological data in particular relating to cancer, long term animal testing studies for nicotine are urgently necessary. There is immediate need of action concerning the risk of nicotine also with regard to electronic cigarettes and smokeless tobacco. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5069659 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-50696592016-10-26 Comparative risk assessment of tobacco smoke constituents using the margin of exposure approach: the neglected contribution of nicotine Baumung, Claudia Rehm, Jürgen Franke, Heike Lachenmeier, Dirk W. Sci Rep Article Nicotine was not included in previous efforts to identify the most important toxicants of tobacco smoke. A health risk assessment of nicotine for smokers of cigarettes was conducted using the margin of exposure (MOE) approach and results were compared to literature MOEs of various other tobacco toxicants. The MOE is defined as ratio between toxicological threshold (benchmark dose) and estimated human intake. Dose-response modelling of human and animal data was used to derive the benchmark dose. The MOE was calculated using probabilistic Monte Carlo simulations for daily cigarette smokers. Benchmark dose values ranged from 0.004 mg/kg bodyweight for symptoms of intoxication in children to 3 mg/kg bodyweight for mortality in animals; MOEs ranged from below 1 up to 7.6 indicating a considerable consumer risk. The dimension of the MOEs is similar to those of other tobacco toxicants with high concerns relating to adverse health effects such as acrolein or formaldehyde. Owing to the lack of toxicological data in particular relating to cancer, long term animal testing studies for nicotine are urgently necessary. There is immediate need of action concerning the risk of nicotine also with regard to electronic cigarettes and smokeless tobacco. Nature Publishing Group 2016-10-19 /pmc/articles/PMC5069659/ /pubmed/27759090 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep35577 Text en Copyright © 2016, The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Article Baumung, Claudia Rehm, Jürgen Franke, Heike Lachenmeier, Dirk W. Comparative risk assessment of tobacco smoke constituents using the margin of exposure approach: the neglected contribution of nicotine |
title | Comparative risk assessment of tobacco smoke constituents using the margin of exposure approach: the neglected contribution of nicotine |
title_full | Comparative risk assessment of tobacco smoke constituents using the margin of exposure approach: the neglected contribution of nicotine |
title_fullStr | Comparative risk assessment of tobacco smoke constituents using the margin of exposure approach: the neglected contribution of nicotine |
title_full_unstemmed | Comparative risk assessment of tobacco smoke constituents using the margin of exposure approach: the neglected contribution of nicotine |
title_short | Comparative risk assessment of tobacco smoke constituents using the margin of exposure approach: the neglected contribution of nicotine |
title_sort | comparative risk assessment of tobacco smoke constituents using the margin of exposure approach: the neglected contribution of nicotine |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5069659/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27759090 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep35577 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT baumungclaudia comparativeriskassessmentoftobaccosmokeconstituentsusingthemarginofexposureapproachtheneglectedcontributionofnicotine AT rehmjurgen comparativeriskassessmentoftobaccosmokeconstituentsusingthemarginofexposureapproachtheneglectedcontributionofnicotine AT frankeheike comparativeriskassessmentoftobaccosmokeconstituentsusingthemarginofexposureapproachtheneglectedcontributionofnicotine AT lachenmeierdirkw comparativeriskassessmentoftobaccosmokeconstituentsusingthemarginofexposureapproachtheneglectedcontributionofnicotine |