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Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in African Americans with and without HIV: A Comparative Study

BACKGROUND: The incidence of anal carcinoma has increased over the last few decades especially in African Americans (AA) despite the use of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). Here, we retrospectively review oncologic outcomes of AA patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with an...

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Autores principales: Lokko, Carl, Turner, Jacquelyn, Yoo, Wonsuk, Wood, Dorian, Clark, Kyra, Childs, Ed, Rao, Veena N., Reddy, E. Shyam P., Clark, Clarence
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5074337/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27774311
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author Lokko, Carl
Turner, Jacquelyn
Yoo, Wonsuk
Wood, Dorian
Clark, Kyra
Childs, Ed
Rao, Veena N.
Reddy, E. Shyam P.
Clark, Clarence
author_facet Lokko, Carl
Turner, Jacquelyn
Yoo, Wonsuk
Wood, Dorian
Clark, Kyra
Childs, Ed
Rao, Veena N.
Reddy, E. Shyam P.
Clark, Clarence
author_sort Lokko, Carl
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The incidence of anal carcinoma has increased over the last few decades especially in African Americans (AA) despite the use of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). Here, we retrospectively review oncologic outcomes of AA patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with and without HIV to further examine the cause of this trend. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All adult AA patients diagnosed with anal SCC from 2000 to 2007 who met inclusion were examined. All patients were staged according to the American Joint Committee on Carcinoma (AJCC) sixth edition staging classification. Patients were divided into two cohorts: HIV (−) and HIV (+). Demographics, comorbidities, and oncologic outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-two AA patients with anal SCC were analyzed. Fifteen (68.%) were HIV (+) and seven (32%) were negative. Seventy-four percent of HIV (+) patients were on HAART therapy at the time of diagnosis. The HIV (+) cohort was significantly younger, mostly male, and had more comorbidities compared to the negative cohort. There was no difference in tumor, nodal or metastasis (TNM) stage for both cohorts. HIV (+) patients were more likely to receive non-operative therapy. The 5-year survival rate for HIV negative and positive patients was 57% and 58%, respectively. AJCC stage was the only factor predictive of survival after performing Cox hazard proportional regression analysis, HR: 1.96 (95% CI, 0.987 to 3.881). CONCLUSIONS: In the HAART era, HIV (+) AA patients are at high risk of developing anal SCC. However, the prognosis of HIV (+) AA with anal SSC is similar to that of their HIV (−) counterparts. Carcinoma stage is the only factor predictive of survival.
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spelling pubmed-50743372016-10-21 Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in African Americans with and without HIV: A Comparative Study Lokko, Carl Turner, Jacquelyn Yoo, Wonsuk Wood, Dorian Clark, Kyra Childs, Ed Rao, Veena N. Reddy, E. Shyam P. Clark, Clarence J Cancer Epidemiol Treat Article BACKGROUND: The incidence of anal carcinoma has increased over the last few decades especially in African Americans (AA) despite the use of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). Here, we retrospectively review oncologic outcomes of AA patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with and without HIV to further examine the cause of this trend. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All adult AA patients diagnosed with anal SCC from 2000 to 2007 who met inclusion were examined. All patients were staged according to the American Joint Committee on Carcinoma (AJCC) sixth edition staging classification. Patients were divided into two cohorts: HIV (−) and HIV (+). Demographics, comorbidities, and oncologic outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-two AA patients with anal SCC were analyzed. Fifteen (68.%) were HIV (+) and seven (32%) were negative. Seventy-four percent of HIV (+) patients were on HAART therapy at the time of diagnosis. The HIV (+) cohort was significantly younger, mostly male, and had more comorbidities compared to the negative cohort. There was no difference in tumor, nodal or metastasis (TNM) stage for both cohorts. HIV (+) patients were more likely to receive non-operative therapy. The 5-year survival rate for HIV negative and positive patients was 57% and 58%, respectively. AJCC stage was the only factor predictive of survival after performing Cox hazard proportional regression analysis, HR: 1.96 (95% CI, 0.987 to 3.881). CONCLUSIONS: In the HAART era, HIV (+) AA patients are at high risk of developing anal SCC. However, the prognosis of HIV (+) AA with anal SSC is similar to that of their HIV (−) counterparts. Carcinoma stage is the only factor predictive of survival. 2015-07-03 2015 /pmc/articles/PMC5074337/ /pubmed/27774311 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Article
Lokko, Carl
Turner, Jacquelyn
Yoo, Wonsuk
Wood, Dorian
Clark, Kyra
Childs, Ed
Rao, Veena N.
Reddy, E. Shyam P.
Clark, Clarence
Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in African Americans with and without HIV: A Comparative Study
title Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in African Americans with and without HIV: A Comparative Study
title_full Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in African Americans with and without HIV: A Comparative Study
title_fullStr Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in African Americans with and without HIV: A Comparative Study
title_full_unstemmed Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in African Americans with and without HIV: A Comparative Study
title_short Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in African Americans with and without HIV: A Comparative Study
title_sort anal squamous cell carcinoma in african americans with and without hiv: a comparative study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5074337/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27774311
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