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Prevalence and characterization of occult hepatitis B infection among blood donors in central Saudi Arabia

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of occult hepatitis B viral infections (OBIs) among blood donors considering the clinical and epidemiological importance of identifying OBIs. METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between January 201...

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Autores principales: Alshayea, Areej I., Eid, Gamal E., El-Hazmi, Malak M., Alhetheel, Abdulkarim F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Saudi Medical Journal 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5075376/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27652363
http://dx.doi.org/10.15537/smj.2016.10.14705
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author Alshayea, Areej I.
Eid, Gamal E.
El-Hazmi, Malak M.
Alhetheel, Abdulkarim F.
author_facet Alshayea, Areej I.
Eid, Gamal E.
El-Hazmi, Malak M.
Alhetheel, Abdulkarim F.
author_sort Alshayea, Areej I.
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of occult hepatitis B viral infections (OBIs) among blood donors considering the clinical and epidemiological importance of identifying OBIs. METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between January 2011 and January 2012. Blood donors (n=8501) were screened for Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antibodies (HBcAb). All HBsAg-negative and HBcAb-positive samples were tested further for hepatitis B surface antibodies (HBsAb), hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA, and HBV genotyping. RESULTS: Of the 8501 serum samples tested, 56 (0.7%) were positive and 8445 (99.3%) were negative for HBsAg. Among the HBsAg-negative samples, 198 (2.3%) were positive for HBcAb and these patients were suspected to have OBIs. Among the HBcAb-positive samples, 119 (60.1%) were positive while 79 (39.9%) were negative for HBsAb. Analysis of HBV-DNA for the suspected OBIs showed that 17 out of 198 samples (8.6%) yielded positive results, and all of them were HBsAb-negative. The viral load was low (<20-186 IU/mL) in all OBIs. Hepatitis B virus genotyping showed that 15 out of 17 samples (88.2%) were genotype D, and the other 2 samples (11.8%) were genotype E. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of OBIs among blood donors in Riyadh was 0.2%. Therefore, it is recommended that HBV molecular testing should be incorporated with serological assays for screening of blood donors.
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spelling pubmed-50753762016-10-31 Prevalence and characterization of occult hepatitis B infection among blood donors in central Saudi Arabia Alshayea, Areej I. Eid, Gamal E. El-Hazmi, Malak M. Alhetheel, Abdulkarim F. Saudi Med J Original Article OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of occult hepatitis B viral infections (OBIs) among blood donors considering the clinical and epidemiological importance of identifying OBIs. METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between January 2011 and January 2012. Blood donors (n=8501) were screened for Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antibodies (HBcAb). All HBsAg-negative and HBcAb-positive samples were tested further for hepatitis B surface antibodies (HBsAb), hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA, and HBV genotyping. RESULTS: Of the 8501 serum samples tested, 56 (0.7%) were positive and 8445 (99.3%) were negative for HBsAg. Among the HBsAg-negative samples, 198 (2.3%) were positive for HBcAb and these patients were suspected to have OBIs. Among the HBcAb-positive samples, 119 (60.1%) were positive while 79 (39.9%) were negative for HBsAb. Analysis of HBV-DNA for the suspected OBIs showed that 17 out of 198 samples (8.6%) yielded positive results, and all of them were HBsAb-negative. The viral load was low (<20-186 IU/mL) in all OBIs. Hepatitis B virus genotyping showed that 15 out of 17 samples (88.2%) were genotype D, and the other 2 samples (11.8%) were genotype E. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of OBIs among blood donors in Riyadh was 0.2%. Therefore, it is recommended that HBV molecular testing should be incorporated with serological assays for screening of blood donors. Saudi Medical Journal 2016-10 /pmc/articles/PMC5075376/ /pubmed/27652363 http://dx.doi.org/10.15537/smj.2016.10.14705 Text en Copyright: © Saudi Medical Journal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Alshayea, Areej I.
Eid, Gamal E.
El-Hazmi, Malak M.
Alhetheel, Abdulkarim F.
Prevalence and characterization of occult hepatitis B infection among blood donors in central Saudi Arabia
title Prevalence and characterization of occult hepatitis B infection among blood donors in central Saudi Arabia
title_full Prevalence and characterization of occult hepatitis B infection among blood donors in central Saudi Arabia
title_fullStr Prevalence and characterization of occult hepatitis B infection among blood donors in central Saudi Arabia
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence and characterization of occult hepatitis B infection among blood donors in central Saudi Arabia
title_short Prevalence and characterization of occult hepatitis B infection among blood donors in central Saudi Arabia
title_sort prevalence and characterization of occult hepatitis b infection among blood donors in central saudi arabia
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5075376/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27652363
http://dx.doi.org/10.15537/smj.2016.10.14705
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