Cargando…

Human bocavirus: Current knowledge and future challenges

Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a parvovirus isolated about a decade ago and found worldwide in both respiratory samples, mainly from early life and children of 6-24 mo of age with acute respiratory infection, and in stool samples, from patients with gastroenteritis. Since then, other viruses related to t...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Guido, Marcello, Tumolo, Maria Rosaria, Verri, Tiziano, Romano, Alessandro, Serio, Francesca, De Giorgi, Mattia, De Donno, Antonella, Bagordo, Francesco, Zizza, Antonella
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5075545/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27818586
http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v22.i39.8684
_version_ 1782461880290246656
author Guido, Marcello
Tumolo, Maria Rosaria
Verri, Tiziano
Romano, Alessandro
Serio, Francesca
De Giorgi, Mattia
De Donno, Antonella
Bagordo, Francesco
Zizza, Antonella
author_facet Guido, Marcello
Tumolo, Maria Rosaria
Verri, Tiziano
Romano, Alessandro
Serio, Francesca
De Giorgi, Mattia
De Donno, Antonella
Bagordo, Francesco
Zizza, Antonella
author_sort Guido, Marcello
collection PubMed
description Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a parvovirus isolated about a decade ago and found worldwide in both respiratory samples, mainly from early life and children of 6-24 mo of age with acute respiratory infection, and in stool samples, from patients with gastroenteritis. Since then, other viruses related to the first HBoV isolate (HBoV1), namely HBoV2, HBoV3 and HBoV4, have been detected principally in human faeces. HBoVs are small non-enveloped single-stranded DNA viruses of about 5300 nucleotides, consisting of three open reading frames encoding the first two the non-structural protein 1 (NS1) and nuclear phosphoprotein (NP1) and the third the viral capsid proteins 1 and 2 (VP1 and VP2). HBoV pathogenicity remains to be fully clarified mainly due to the lack of animal models for the difficulties in replicating the virus in in vitro cell cultures, and the fact that HBoV infection is frequently accompanied by at least another viral and/or bacterial respiratory and/or gastroenteric pathogen infection. Current diagnostic methods to support HBoV detection include polymerase chain reaction, real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and enzyme immunoassay using recombinant VP2 or virus-like particle capsid proteins, although sequence-independent amplification techniques combined with next-generation sequencing platforms promise rapid and simultaneous detection of the pathogens in the future. This review presents the current knowledge on HBoV genotypes with emphasis on taxonomy, phylogenetic relationship and genomic analysis, biology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and diagnostic methods. The emerging discussion on HBoVs as true pathogen or innocent bystander is also emphasized.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5075545
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2016
publisher Baishideng Publishing Group Inc
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-50755452016-11-04 Human bocavirus: Current knowledge and future challenges Guido, Marcello Tumolo, Maria Rosaria Verri, Tiziano Romano, Alessandro Serio, Francesca De Giorgi, Mattia De Donno, Antonella Bagordo, Francesco Zizza, Antonella World J Gastroenterol Review Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a parvovirus isolated about a decade ago and found worldwide in both respiratory samples, mainly from early life and children of 6-24 mo of age with acute respiratory infection, and in stool samples, from patients with gastroenteritis. Since then, other viruses related to the first HBoV isolate (HBoV1), namely HBoV2, HBoV3 and HBoV4, have been detected principally in human faeces. HBoVs are small non-enveloped single-stranded DNA viruses of about 5300 nucleotides, consisting of three open reading frames encoding the first two the non-structural protein 1 (NS1) and nuclear phosphoprotein (NP1) and the third the viral capsid proteins 1 and 2 (VP1 and VP2). HBoV pathogenicity remains to be fully clarified mainly due to the lack of animal models for the difficulties in replicating the virus in in vitro cell cultures, and the fact that HBoV infection is frequently accompanied by at least another viral and/or bacterial respiratory and/or gastroenteric pathogen infection. Current diagnostic methods to support HBoV detection include polymerase chain reaction, real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and enzyme immunoassay using recombinant VP2 or virus-like particle capsid proteins, although sequence-independent amplification techniques combined with next-generation sequencing platforms promise rapid and simultaneous detection of the pathogens in the future. This review presents the current knowledge on HBoV genotypes with emphasis on taxonomy, phylogenetic relationship and genomic analysis, biology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and diagnostic methods. The emerging discussion on HBoVs as true pathogen or innocent bystander is also emphasized. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2016-10-21 2016-10-21 /pmc/articles/PMC5075545/ /pubmed/27818586 http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v22.i39.8684 Text en ©The Author(s) 2016. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.
spellingShingle Review
Guido, Marcello
Tumolo, Maria Rosaria
Verri, Tiziano
Romano, Alessandro
Serio, Francesca
De Giorgi, Mattia
De Donno, Antonella
Bagordo, Francesco
Zizza, Antonella
Human bocavirus: Current knowledge and future challenges
title Human bocavirus: Current knowledge and future challenges
title_full Human bocavirus: Current knowledge and future challenges
title_fullStr Human bocavirus: Current knowledge and future challenges
title_full_unstemmed Human bocavirus: Current knowledge and future challenges
title_short Human bocavirus: Current knowledge and future challenges
title_sort human bocavirus: current knowledge and future challenges
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5075545/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27818586
http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v22.i39.8684
work_keys_str_mv AT guidomarcello humanbocaviruscurrentknowledgeandfuturechallenges
AT tumolomariarosaria humanbocaviruscurrentknowledgeandfuturechallenges
AT verritiziano humanbocaviruscurrentknowledgeandfuturechallenges
AT romanoalessandro humanbocaviruscurrentknowledgeandfuturechallenges
AT seriofrancesca humanbocaviruscurrentknowledgeandfuturechallenges
AT degiorgimattia humanbocaviruscurrentknowledgeandfuturechallenges
AT dedonnoantonella humanbocaviruscurrentknowledgeandfuturechallenges
AT bagordofrancesco humanbocaviruscurrentknowledgeandfuturechallenges
AT zizzaantonella humanbocaviruscurrentknowledgeandfuturechallenges