Cargando…
Abundance of Class 1 Integron-Integrase and Sulfonamide Resistance Genes in River Water and Sediment Is Affected by Anthropogenic Pressure and Environmental Factors
In this study, we determined the presence of class 1 integron-integrase gene in culturable heterotrophic bacteria isolated from river water and sediment sampled upstream and downstream of a wastewater treatment plant effluent discharge. Moreover, we quantified intI1 and sulfonamide resistance genes...
Autores principales: | , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer US
2016
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5080314/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27599709 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-016-0843-4 |
_version_ | 1782462684364537856 |
---|---|
author | Koczura, Ryszard Mokracka, Joanna Taraszewska, Agata Łopacinska, Natalia |
author_facet | Koczura, Ryszard Mokracka, Joanna Taraszewska, Agata Łopacinska, Natalia |
author_sort | Koczura, Ryszard |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this study, we determined the presence of class 1 integron-integrase gene in culturable heterotrophic bacteria isolated from river water and sediment sampled upstream and downstream of a wastewater treatment plant effluent discharge. Moreover, we quantified intI1 and sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1 and sul2) in the water and sediment using qPCR. There was no correlation between the results from water and sediment samples, which suggests integron-containing bacteria are differentially retained in these two environmental compartments. The discharge of treated wastewater significantly increased the frequency of intI1 among culturable bacteria and the gene copy number in river water, and increased the number of sul1 genes in the sediment. We also observed seasonal differences in the frequency of the class 1 integron-integrase gene among culturable heterotrophs as well as intI1 copy number in water, but not in sediment. The results suggest that the abundance of class 1 integrons in aquatic habitat depends on anthropogenic pressure and environmental factors. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00248-016-0843-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5080314 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Springer US |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-50803142016-11-07 Abundance of Class 1 Integron-Integrase and Sulfonamide Resistance Genes in River Water and Sediment Is Affected by Anthropogenic Pressure and Environmental Factors Koczura, Ryszard Mokracka, Joanna Taraszewska, Agata Łopacinska, Natalia Microb Ecol Environmental Microbiology In this study, we determined the presence of class 1 integron-integrase gene in culturable heterotrophic bacteria isolated from river water and sediment sampled upstream and downstream of a wastewater treatment plant effluent discharge. Moreover, we quantified intI1 and sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1 and sul2) in the water and sediment using qPCR. There was no correlation between the results from water and sediment samples, which suggests integron-containing bacteria are differentially retained in these two environmental compartments. The discharge of treated wastewater significantly increased the frequency of intI1 among culturable bacteria and the gene copy number in river water, and increased the number of sul1 genes in the sediment. We also observed seasonal differences in the frequency of the class 1 integron-integrase gene among culturable heterotrophs as well as intI1 copy number in water, but not in sediment. The results suggest that the abundance of class 1 integrons in aquatic habitat depends on anthropogenic pressure and environmental factors. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00248-016-0843-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Springer US 2016-09-06 2016 /pmc/articles/PMC5080314/ /pubmed/27599709 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-016-0843-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2016 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. |
spellingShingle | Environmental Microbiology Koczura, Ryszard Mokracka, Joanna Taraszewska, Agata Łopacinska, Natalia Abundance of Class 1 Integron-Integrase and Sulfonamide Resistance Genes in River Water and Sediment Is Affected by Anthropogenic Pressure and Environmental Factors |
title | Abundance of Class 1 Integron-Integrase and Sulfonamide Resistance Genes in River Water and Sediment Is Affected by Anthropogenic Pressure and Environmental Factors |
title_full | Abundance of Class 1 Integron-Integrase and Sulfonamide Resistance Genes in River Water and Sediment Is Affected by Anthropogenic Pressure and Environmental Factors |
title_fullStr | Abundance of Class 1 Integron-Integrase and Sulfonamide Resistance Genes in River Water and Sediment Is Affected by Anthropogenic Pressure and Environmental Factors |
title_full_unstemmed | Abundance of Class 1 Integron-Integrase and Sulfonamide Resistance Genes in River Water and Sediment Is Affected by Anthropogenic Pressure and Environmental Factors |
title_short | Abundance of Class 1 Integron-Integrase and Sulfonamide Resistance Genes in River Water and Sediment Is Affected by Anthropogenic Pressure and Environmental Factors |
title_sort | abundance of class 1 integron-integrase and sulfonamide resistance genes in river water and sediment is affected by anthropogenic pressure and environmental factors |
topic | Environmental Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5080314/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27599709 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-016-0843-4 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT koczuraryszard abundanceofclass1integronintegraseandsulfonamideresistancegenesinriverwaterandsedimentisaffectedbyanthropogenicpressureandenvironmentalfactors AT mokrackajoanna abundanceofclass1integronintegraseandsulfonamideresistancegenesinriverwaterandsedimentisaffectedbyanthropogenicpressureandenvironmentalfactors AT taraszewskaagata abundanceofclass1integronintegraseandsulfonamideresistancegenesinriverwaterandsedimentisaffectedbyanthropogenicpressureandenvironmentalfactors AT łopacinskanatalia abundanceofclass1integronintegraseandsulfonamideresistancegenesinriverwaterandsedimentisaffectedbyanthropogenicpressureandenvironmentalfactors |