Maltodextrin enhances biofilm elimination by electrochemical scaffold

Electrochemical scaffolds (e-scaffolds) continuously generate low concentrations of H(2)O(2) suitable for damaging wound biofilms without damaging host tissue. Nevertheless, retarded diffusion combined with H(2)O(2) degradation can limit the efficacy of this potentially important clinical tool. H(2)O(2) diffusion into biofilms and bacterial cells can be increased by damaging the biofilm structure or by activating membrane transportation channels by exposure to hyperosmotic agents. We hypothesized that e-scaffolds would be more effective against Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus biofilms in the presence of a hyperosmotic agent. E-scaffolds polarized at −600 mV(Ag/AgCl) were overlaid onto preformed biofilms in media containing various maltodextrin concentrations. E-scaffold alone decreased A. baumannii and S. aureus biofilm cell densities by (3.92 ± 0.15) log and (2.31 ± 0.12) log, respectively. Compared to untreated biofilms, the efficacy of the e-scaffold increased to a maximum (8.27 ± 0.05) log reduction in A. baumannii and (4.71 ± 0.12) log reduction in S. aureus biofilm cell densities upon 10 mM and 30 mM maltodextrin addition, respectively. Overall ~55% decrease in relative biofilm surface coverage was achieved for both species. We conclude that combined treatment with electrochemically generated H(2)O(2) from an e-scaffold and maltodextrin is more effective in decreasing viable biofilm cell density.