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Habituation of the startle reflex depends on attention in cannabis users
BACKGROUND: Cannabis use is associated with an attention-dependent deficit in prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex (PPI). The aim of the current study was to investigate startle habituation in cannabis users and healthy controls during two attentional tasks. METHODS: Auditory startle reflex was...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5080700/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27782849 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40359-016-0158-8 |
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author | Kedzior, Karina K. Wehmann, Eileen Martin-Iverson, Mathew |
author_facet | Kedzior, Karina K. Wehmann, Eileen Martin-Iverson, Mathew |
author_sort | Kedzior, Karina K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Cannabis use is associated with an attention-dependent deficit in prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex (PPI). The aim of the current study was to investigate startle habituation in cannabis users and healthy controls during two attentional tasks. METHODS: Auditory startle reflex was recorded from orbicularis oculi muscle while participants (12 controls and 16 regular cannabis users) were either attending to or ignoring 100 dB startling pulses. Startle habituation was measured as the absolute reduction in startle magnitude on block 2 (last nine trials) vs. block 1 (first nine trials). RESULTS: Startle habituation with moderate effect sizes was observed in controls and cannabis users only while they were ignoring the startling pulses but not while they were attending to them. Similar results were also observed in controls (lifetime non-users of cannabis) and cannabis users with lifetime cannabis use disorders (CUD). CONCLUSION: Startle habituation appears to depend on selective attention but not on cannabis use. Startle habituation was present when attention was directed away from auditory startling pulses in healthy controls and cannabis users. Such a similar pattern of results in both groups suggests that at least a trend exists towards presence of startle habituation regardless of cannabis use or CUD in otherwise healthy members of the general population. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5080700 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-50807002016-10-31 Habituation of the startle reflex depends on attention in cannabis users Kedzior, Karina K. Wehmann, Eileen Martin-Iverson, Mathew BMC Psychol Research Article BACKGROUND: Cannabis use is associated with an attention-dependent deficit in prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex (PPI). The aim of the current study was to investigate startle habituation in cannabis users and healthy controls during two attentional tasks. METHODS: Auditory startle reflex was recorded from orbicularis oculi muscle while participants (12 controls and 16 regular cannabis users) were either attending to or ignoring 100 dB startling pulses. Startle habituation was measured as the absolute reduction in startle magnitude on block 2 (last nine trials) vs. block 1 (first nine trials). RESULTS: Startle habituation with moderate effect sizes was observed in controls and cannabis users only while they were ignoring the startling pulses but not while they were attending to them. Similar results were also observed in controls (lifetime non-users of cannabis) and cannabis users with lifetime cannabis use disorders (CUD). CONCLUSION: Startle habituation appears to depend on selective attention but not on cannabis use. Startle habituation was present when attention was directed away from auditory startling pulses in healthy controls and cannabis users. Such a similar pattern of results in both groups suggests that at least a trend exists towards presence of startle habituation regardless of cannabis use or CUD in otherwise healthy members of the general population. BioMed Central 2016-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC5080700/ /pubmed/27782849 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40359-016-0158-8 Text en © The Author(s). 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Kedzior, Karina K. Wehmann, Eileen Martin-Iverson, Mathew Habituation of the startle reflex depends on attention in cannabis users |
title | Habituation of the startle reflex depends on attention in cannabis users |
title_full | Habituation of the startle reflex depends on attention in cannabis users |
title_fullStr | Habituation of the startle reflex depends on attention in cannabis users |
title_full_unstemmed | Habituation of the startle reflex depends on attention in cannabis users |
title_short | Habituation of the startle reflex depends on attention in cannabis users |
title_sort | habituation of the startle reflex depends on attention in cannabis users |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5080700/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27782849 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40359-016-0158-8 |
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