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Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The immune system plays a key role in preventing tumor formation by recognizing and destroying malignant cells. For over a century, researchers have attempted to harness the immune response as a cancer treatment, although this approach has only recently achieved clinical success. Head and neck squam...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Bann, Darrin V., Deschler, Daniel G., Goyal, Neerav
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5082377/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27669306
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers8100087
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author Bann, Darrin V.
Deschler, Daniel G.
Goyal, Neerav
author_facet Bann, Darrin V.
Deschler, Daniel G.
Goyal, Neerav
author_sort Bann, Darrin V.
collection PubMed
description The immune system plays a key role in preventing tumor formation by recognizing and destroying malignant cells. For over a century, researchers have attempted to harness the immune response as a cancer treatment, although this approach has only recently achieved clinical success. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and is associated with cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, betel nut use, and human papillomavirus infection. Unfortunately, worldwide mortality from HNSCC remains high, partially due to limits on therapy secondary to the significant morbidity associated with current treatments. Therefore, immunotherapeutic approaches to HNSCC treatment are attractive for their potential to reduce morbidity while improving survival. However, the application of immunotherapies to this disease has been challenging because HNSCC is profoundly immunosuppressive, resulting in decreased absolute lymphocyte counts, impaired natural killer cell function, reduced antigen-presenting cell function, and a tumor-permissive cytokine profile. Despite these challenges, numerous clinical trials testing the safety and efficacy of immunotherapeutic approaches to HNSCC treatment are currently underway, many of which have produced promising results. This review will summarize immunotherapeutic approaches to HNSCC that are currently undergoing clinical trials.
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spelling pubmed-50823772016-10-28 Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Bann, Darrin V. Deschler, Daniel G. Goyal, Neerav Cancers (Basel) Review The immune system plays a key role in preventing tumor formation by recognizing and destroying malignant cells. For over a century, researchers have attempted to harness the immune response as a cancer treatment, although this approach has only recently achieved clinical success. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and is associated with cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, betel nut use, and human papillomavirus infection. Unfortunately, worldwide mortality from HNSCC remains high, partially due to limits on therapy secondary to the significant morbidity associated with current treatments. Therefore, immunotherapeutic approaches to HNSCC treatment are attractive for their potential to reduce morbidity while improving survival. However, the application of immunotherapies to this disease has been challenging because HNSCC is profoundly immunosuppressive, resulting in decreased absolute lymphocyte counts, impaired natural killer cell function, reduced antigen-presenting cell function, and a tumor-permissive cytokine profile. Despite these challenges, numerous clinical trials testing the safety and efficacy of immunotherapeutic approaches to HNSCC treatment are currently underway, many of which have produced promising results. This review will summarize immunotherapeutic approaches to HNSCC that are currently undergoing clinical trials. MDPI 2016-09-22 /pmc/articles/PMC5082377/ /pubmed/27669306 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers8100087 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Bann, Darrin V.
Deschler, Daniel G.
Goyal, Neerav
Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
title Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
title_full Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
title_fullStr Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
title_full_unstemmed Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
title_short Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
title_sort novel immunotherapeutic approaches for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5082377/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27669306
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers8100087
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