New furoisocoumarins and isocoumarins from the mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. 085242

The chemical investigation of the mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. 085242 afforded eight isocoumarin derivatives 1–8 and one isoquinoline 9. Asperisocoumarins A and B (1 and 2) were new furoisocoumarins, and asperisocoumarins E and F (5 and 6) were new isocoumarins. Their structures were established by analysis of their spectroscopic data and the absolute configuration of compound 2 was unambiguously determined by X-ray structure analysis and ECD calculation. Moreover, the absolute configurations of compounds 3–5 were assigned by comparison of their ECD spectra with isocoumarins described in the literature. Asperisocoumarins C and D (3 and 4) were fully characterized spectroscopically and isolated from a natural source for the first time. Asperisocoumarins A–D (1–4) related to the class of furo[3,2-h]isocoumarins are rarely occurring in natural sources. Compounds 2, 5, and 6 showed moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC(50) of 87.8, 52.3, and 95.6 μM, respectively. In addition, compounds 1 and 3 exhibited weak radical scavenging activity with EC(50) values of 125 and 138 μM, respectively.