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Associations between cancer and Alzheimer's disease in a U.S. Medicare population

Several studies have reported bidirectional inverse associations between cancer and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study evaluates these relationships in a Medicare population. Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) linked to Medicare data, 1992–2005, we evaluated cancer risks...

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Autores principales: Freedman, Daryl Michal, Wu, Jincao, Chen, Honglei, Kuncl, Ralph W., Enewold, Lindsey R., Engels, Eric A., Freedman, Neal D., Pfeiffer, Ruth M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5083750/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27628596
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cam4.850
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author Freedman, Daryl Michal
Wu, Jincao
Chen, Honglei
Kuncl, Ralph W.
Enewold, Lindsey R.
Engels, Eric A.
Freedman, Neal D.
Pfeiffer, Ruth M.
author_facet Freedman, Daryl Michal
Wu, Jincao
Chen, Honglei
Kuncl, Ralph W.
Enewold, Lindsey R.
Engels, Eric A.
Freedman, Neal D.
Pfeiffer, Ruth M.
author_sort Freedman, Daryl Michal
collection PubMed
description Several studies have reported bidirectional inverse associations between cancer and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study evaluates these relationships in a Medicare population. Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) linked to Medicare data, 1992–2005, we evaluated cancer risks following AD in a case–control study of 836,947 cancer cases and 142,869 controls as well as AD risk after cancer in 742,809 cancer patients and a non‐cancer group of 420,518. We applied unconditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazards ratios (HRs). We also evaluated cancer in relation to automobile injuries as a negative control to explore potential study biases. In the case–control analysis, cancer cases were less likely to have a prior diagnosis of AD than controls (OR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.81–0.92). Cancer cases were also less likely than controls to have prior injuries from automobile accidents to the same degree (OR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.78–0.88). In the prospective cohort, there was a lower risk observed in cancer survivors, HR = 0.87 (95% CI = 0.84–0.90). In contrast, there was no association between cancer diagnosis and subsequent automobile accident injuries (HR = 1.03; 95% CI = 0.98–1.07). That cancer risks were similarly reduced after both AD and automobile injuries suggest biases against detecting cancer in persons with unrelated medical conditions. The modestly lower AD risk in cancer survivors may reflect underdiagnosis of AD in those with a serious illness. This study does not support a relationship between cancer and AD.
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spelling pubmed-50837502016-10-31 Associations between cancer and Alzheimer's disease in a U.S. Medicare population Freedman, Daryl Michal Wu, Jincao Chen, Honglei Kuncl, Ralph W. Enewold, Lindsey R. Engels, Eric A. Freedman, Neal D. Pfeiffer, Ruth M. Cancer Med Cancer Prevention Several studies have reported bidirectional inverse associations between cancer and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study evaluates these relationships in a Medicare population. Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) linked to Medicare data, 1992–2005, we evaluated cancer risks following AD in a case–control study of 836,947 cancer cases and 142,869 controls as well as AD risk after cancer in 742,809 cancer patients and a non‐cancer group of 420,518. We applied unconditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazards ratios (HRs). We also evaluated cancer in relation to automobile injuries as a negative control to explore potential study biases. In the case–control analysis, cancer cases were less likely to have a prior diagnosis of AD than controls (OR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.81–0.92). Cancer cases were also less likely than controls to have prior injuries from automobile accidents to the same degree (OR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.78–0.88). In the prospective cohort, there was a lower risk observed in cancer survivors, HR = 0.87 (95% CI = 0.84–0.90). In contrast, there was no association between cancer diagnosis and subsequent automobile accident injuries (HR = 1.03; 95% CI = 0.98–1.07). That cancer risks were similarly reduced after both AD and automobile injuries suggest biases against detecting cancer in persons with unrelated medical conditions. The modestly lower AD risk in cancer survivors may reflect underdiagnosis of AD in those with a serious illness. This study does not support a relationship between cancer and AD. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016-09-14 /pmc/articles/PMC5083750/ /pubmed/27628596 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cam4.850 Text en © 2016 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Cancer Prevention
Freedman, Daryl Michal
Wu, Jincao
Chen, Honglei
Kuncl, Ralph W.
Enewold, Lindsey R.
Engels, Eric A.
Freedman, Neal D.
Pfeiffer, Ruth M.
Associations between cancer and Alzheimer's disease in a U.S. Medicare population
title Associations between cancer and Alzheimer's disease in a U.S. Medicare population
title_full Associations between cancer and Alzheimer's disease in a U.S. Medicare population
title_fullStr Associations between cancer and Alzheimer's disease in a U.S. Medicare population
title_full_unstemmed Associations between cancer and Alzheimer's disease in a U.S. Medicare population
title_short Associations between cancer and Alzheimer's disease in a U.S. Medicare population
title_sort associations between cancer and alzheimer's disease in a u.s. medicare population
topic Cancer Prevention
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5083750/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27628596
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cam4.850
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