Static and Dynamic Studies on LiNi(1/3)Co(1/3)Mn(1/3)O(2)‐Based Suspensions for Semi‐Solid Flow Batteries

LiNi(1/3)Co(1/3)Mn(1/3)O(2) (LNCM)‐based suspensions for semi‐solid flow batteries (SSFB) have been investigated by galvanostatic charge/discharge an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The resistance and electrochemical performance of half cells (vs. Li/Li(+)) as well as the rheological properties are affected by the content of a commercially available electroconductive carbon black [KetjenBlack (KB), AkzoNobel] in the suspensions. In static conditions, a cell with 11.87 and 13.97 % by volume of KB and LNCM delivers high capacity 130 mA h g(−1) at 5 mA cm(−2), respectively, and a coulombic efficiency of 90 % over 10 injections. The impedance of half cells is dominated by a contact resistance fitted with a resistor and a constant phase element (CPE) in parallel. In flow conditions, cell potential depends on applied current density and measured over potentials are ∼0.3 and 0.7 V for 0.33 and 1 mA cm(−2), respectively, for a cell containing a suspension with 9.53 % in volume of KB and 13.90 % in volume of LNCM. The effect of the cell contact resistance on the electrochemical performance is discussed.