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Diversity and function of the Antarctic krill microorganisms from Euphausia superba

The diversity and ecological function of microorganisms associated with Euphausia superba, still remain unknown. This study identified 75 microbial isolates from E. superba, that is 42 fungi and 33 bacteria including eight actinobacteria. And all the isolates showed NaF tolerance in conformity with...

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Autores principales: Cui, Xiaoqiu, Zhu, Guoliang, Liu, Haishan, Jiang, Guoliang, Wang, Yi, Zhu, Weiming
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5095602/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27812046
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep36496
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author Cui, Xiaoqiu
Zhu, Guoliang
Liu, Haishan
Jiang, Guoliang
Wang, Yi
Zhu, Weiming
author_facet Cui, Xiaoqiu
Zhu, Guoliang
Liu, Haishan
Jiang, Guoliang
Wang, Yi
Zhu, Weiming
author_sort Cui, Xiaoqiu
collection PubMed
description The diversity and ecological function of microorganisms associated with Euphausia superba, still remain unknown. This study identified 75 microbial isolates from E. superba, that is 42 fungi and 33 bacteria including eight actinobacteria. And all the isolates showed NaF tolerance in conformity with the nature of the fluoride krill. The maximum concentration was 10%, 3% and 0.5% NaF for actinobacteria, bacteria and fungi, respectively. The results demonstrated that 82.4% bacteria, 81.3% actinobacteria and 12.3% fungi produced antibacterial metabolites against pathogenic bacteria without NaF; the MIC value reached to 3.9 μg/mL. In addition, more than 60% fungi produced cytotoxic metabolites against A549, MCF-7 or K562 cell lines. The presence of NaF led to a reduction in the producing antimicrobial compounds, but stimulated the production of cytotoxic compounds. Furthermore, seven cytotoxic compounds were identified from the metabolites of Penicillium citrinum OUCMDZ4136 under 0.5% NaF, with the IC(50) values of 3.6–13.1 μM for MCF-7, 2.2–19.8 μM for A549 and 5.4–15.4 μM for K562, respectively. These results indicated that the krill microbes exert their chemical defense by producing cytotoxic compounds to the mammalians and antibacterial compounds to inhibiting the pathogenic bacteria.
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spelling pubmed-50956022016-11-10 Diversity and function of the Antarctic krill microorganisms from Euphausia superba Cui, Xiaoqiu Zhu, Guoliang Liu, Haishan Jiang, Guoliang Wang, Yi Zhu, Weiming Sci Rep Article The diversity and ecological function of microorganisms associated with Euphausia superba, still remain unknown. This study identified 75 microbial isolates from E. superba, that is 42 fungi and 33 bacteria including eight actinobacteria. And all the isolates showed NaF tolerance in conformity with the nature of the fluoride krill. The maximum concentration was 10%, 3% and 0.5% NaF for actinobacteria, bacteria and fungi, respectively. The results demonstrated that 82.4% bacteria, 81.3% actinobacteria and 12.3% fungi produced antibacterial metabolites against pathogenic bacteria without NaF; the MIC value reached to 3.9 μg/mL. In addition, more than 60% fungi produced cytotoxic metabolites against A549, MCF-7 or K562 cell lines. The presence of NaF led to a reduction in the producing antimicrobial compounds, but stimulated the production of cytotoxic compounds. Furthermore, seven cytotoxic compounds were identified from the metabolites of Penicillium citrinum OUCMDZ4136 under 0.5% NaF, with the IC(50) values of 3.6–13.1 μM for MCF-7, 2.2–19.8 μM for A549 and 5.4–15.4 μM for K562, respectively. These results indicated that the krill microbes exert their chemical defense by producing cytotoxic compounds to the mammalians and antibacterial compounds to inhibiting the pathogenic bacteria. Nature Publishing Group 2016-11-04 /pmc/articles/PMC5095602/ /pubmed/27812046 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep36496 Text en Copyright © 2016, The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
spellingShingle Article
Cui, Xiaoqiu
Zhu, Guoliang
Liu, Haishan
Jiang, Guoliang
Wang, Yi
Zhu, Weiming
Diversity and function of the Antarctic krill microorganisms from Euphausia superba
title Diversity and function of the Antarctic krill microorganisms from Euphausia superba
title_full Diversity and function of the Antarctic krill microorganisms from Euphausia superba
title_fullStr Diversity and function of the Antarctic krill microorganisms from Euphausia superba
title_full_unstemmed Diversity and function of the Antarctic krill microorganisms from Euphausia superba
title_short Diversity and function of the Antarctic krill microorganisms from Euphausia superba
title_sort diversity and function of the antarctic krill microorganisms from euphausia superba
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5095602/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27812046
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep36496
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