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Indices of Glucose Homeostasis in Cord Blood in Term and Preterm Newborns

OBJECTIVE: According to the thrifty phenotype hypothesis, intrauterine malnutrition has a role in the etiology of type 2 diabetes. This study was planned to determine the early alterations in indices of glucose homeostasis (glucose, insulin, and cortisol) in term and preterm newborns and the correla...

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Autores principales: Ahmad, Afzal, Rukmini, M. S., Yadav, Charu, Agarwal, Ashish, Manjrekar, Poornima A., Hegde, Anupama
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Galenos Publishing 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5096489/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27087404
http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/jcrpe.2819
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author Ahmad, Afzal
Rukmini, M. S.
Yadav, Charu
Agarwal, Ashish
Manjrekar, Poornima A.
Hegde, Anupama
author_facet Ahmad, Afzal
Rukmini, M. S.
Yadav, Charu
Agarwal, Ashish
Manjrekar, Poornima A.
Hegde, Anupama
author_sort Ahmad, Afzal
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: According to the thrifty phenotype hypothesis, intrauterine malnutrition has a role in the etiology of type 2 diabetes. This study was planned to determine the early alterations in indices of glucose homeostasis (glucose, insulin, and cortisol) in term and preterm newborns and the correlations of glucose, insulin, and cortisol levels with insulin resistance indices. METHODS: A descriptive study comprising 35 term and 35 preterm newborns was carried out from December 2013 to June 2015. Venous cord blood was collected and plasma glucose was analyzed by the glucose oxidase-peroxidase method in an auto analyzer. Serum insulin and cortisol levels were assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and glucose insulin ratio were calculated to assess insulin resistance. The data on physical and metabolic parameters were analyzed using standard tests for statistical significance. RESULTS: In term newborns, mean glucose and cortisol levels (83.6±17.4 mg/dL and 11.88±5.78 µg/dL, respectively) were significantly higher than those in preterm infants (70.4±15.8 mg/dL and 8.9±4.6 µg/dL, respectively). Insulin and HOMA-IR levels were found higher in preterm newborns (10.8±4.8 µIU/mL and 1.52±0.66, respectively) than in term newborns (7.9±2.7 µIU/mL and 1.19±0.29, respectively). Insulin was found to positively correlate with HOMA-IR, whereas cortisol was negatively correlated with HOMA-IR in both term and preterm newborns. CONCLUSION: Higher insulin levels and HOMA-IR values in the cord blood of preterm newborns support the theory of intrauterine origin of metabolic diseases.
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spelling pubmed-50964892016-11-10 Indices of Glucose Homeostasis in Cord Blood in Term and Preterm Newborns Ahmad, Afzal Rukmini, M. S. Yadav, Charu Agarwal, Ashish Manjrekar, Poornima A. Hegde, Anupama J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol Original Article OBJECTIVE: According to the thrifty phenotype hypothesis, intrauterine malnutrition has a role in the etiology of type 2 diabetes. This study was planned to determine the early alterations in indices of glucose homeostasis (glucose, insulin, and cortisol) in term and preterm newborns and the correlations of glucose, insulin, and cortisol levels with insulin resistance indices. METHODS: A descriptive study comprising 35 term and 35 preterm newborns was carried out from December 2013 to June 2015. Venous cord blood was collected and plasma glucose was analyzed by the glucose oxidase-peroxidase method in an auto analyzer. Serum insulin and cortisol levels were assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and glucose insulin ratio were calculated to assess insulin resistance. The data on physical and metabolic parameters were analyzed using standard tests for statistical significance. RESULTS: In term newborns, mean glucose and cortisol levels (83.6±17.4 mg/dL and 11.88±5.78 µg/dL, respectively) were significantly higher than those in preterm infants (70.4±15.8 mg/dL and 8.9±4.6 µg/dL, respectively). Insulin and HOMA-IR levels were found higher in preterm newborns (10.8±4.8 µIU/mL and 1.52±0.66, respectively) than in term newborns (7.9±2.7 µIU/mL and 1.19±0.29, respectively). Insulin was found to positively correlate with HOMA-IR, whereas cortisol was negatively correlated with HOMA-IR in both term and preterm newborns. CONCLUSION: Higher insulin levels and HOMA-IR values in the cord blood of preterm newborns support the theory of intrauterine origin of metabolic diseases. Galenos Publishing 2016-09 2016-09-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5096489/ /pubmed/27087404 http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/jcrpe.2819 Text en © Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology, Published by Galenos Publishing. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Ahmad, Afzal
Rukmini, M. S.
Yadav, Charu
Agarwal, Ashish
Manjrekar, Poornima A.
Hegde, Anupama
Indices of Glucose Homeostasis in Cord Blood in Term and Preterm Newborns
title Indices of Glucose Homeostasis in Cord Blood in Term and Preterm Newborns
title_full Indices of Glucose Homeostasis in Cord Blood in Term and Preterm Newborns
title_fullStr Indices of Glucose Homeostasis in Cord Blood in Term and Preterm Newborns
title_full_unstemmed Indices of Glucose Homeostasis in Cord Blood in Term and Preterm Newborns
title_short Indices of Glucose Homeostasis in Cord Blood in Term and Preterm Newborns
title_sort indices of glucose homeostasis in cord blood in term and preterm newborns
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5096489/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27087404
http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/jcrpe.2819
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