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Bacterial genome engineering and synthetic biology: combating pathogens
BACKGROUND: The emergence and prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogenic bacteria poses a serious threat to human and animal health globally. Nosocomial infections and common ailments such as pneumonia, wound, urinary tract, and bloodstream infections are becoming more challenging to treat d...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5097395/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27814687 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-016-0876-3 |
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author | Krishnamurthy, Malathy Moore, Richard T. Rajamani, Sathish Panchal, Rekha G. |
author_facet | Krishnamurthy, Malathy Moore, Richard T. Rajamani, Sathish Panchal, Rekha G. |
author_sort | Krishnamurthy, Malathy |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The emergence and prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogenic bacteria poses a serious threat to human and animal health globally. Nosocomial infections and common ailments such as pneumonia, wound, urinary tract, and bloodstream infections are becoming more challenging to treat due to the rapid spread of MDR pathogenic bacteria. According to recent reports by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there is an unprecedented increase in the occurrence of MDR infections worldwide. The rise in these infections has generated an economic strain worldwide, prompting the WHO to endorse a global action plan to improve awareness and understanding of antimicrobial resistance. This health crisis necessitates an immediate action to target the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance in bacteria. RESEARCH: The advent of new bacterial genome engineering and synthetic biology (SB) tools is providing promising diagnostic and treatment plans to monitor and treat widespread recalcitrant bacterial infections. Key advances in genetic engineering approaches can successfully aid in targeting and editing pathogenic bacterial genomes for understanding and mitigating drug resistance mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the application of specific genome engineering and SB methods such as recombineering, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), and bacterial cell-cell signaling mechanisms for pathogen targeting. The utility of these tools in developing antibacterial strategies such as novel antibiotic production, phage therapy, diagnostics and vaccine production to name a few, are also highlighted. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalent use of antibiotics and the spread of MDR bacteria raise the prospect of a post-antibiotic era, which underscores the need for developing novel therapeutics to target MDR pathogens. The development of enabling SB technologies offers promising solutions to deliver safe and effective antibacterial therapies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5097395 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-50973952016-11-07 Bacterial genome engineering and synthetic biology: combating pathogens Krishnamurthy, Malathy Moore, Richard T. Rajamani, Sathish Panchal, Rekha G. BMC Microbiol Review BACKGROUND: The emergence and prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogenic bacteria poses a serious threat to human and animal health globally. Nosocomial infections and common ailments such as pneumonia, wound, urinary tract, and bloodstream infections are becoming more challenging to treat due to the rapid spread of MDR pathogenic bacteria. According to recent reports by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there is an unprecedented increase in the occurrence of MDR infections worldwide. The rise in these infections has generated an economic strain worldwide, prompting the WHO to endorse a global action plan to improve awareness and understanding of antimicrobial resistance. This health crisis necessitates an immediate action to target the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance in bacteria. RESEARCH: The advent of new bacterial genome engineering and synthetic biology (SB) tools is providing promising diagnostic and treatment plans to monitor and treat widespread recalcitrant bacterial infections. Key advances in genetic engineering approaches can successfully aid in targeting and editing pathogenic bacterial genomes for understanding and mitigating drug resistance mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the application of specific genome engineering and SB methods such as recombineering, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), and bacterial cell-cell signaling mechanisms for pathogen targeting. The utility of these tools in developing antibacterial strategies such as novel antibiotic production, phage therapy, diagnostics and vaccine production to name a few, are also highlighted. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalent use of antibiotics and the spread of MDR bacteria raise the prospect of a post-antibiotic era, which underscores the need for developing novel therapeutics to target MDR pathogens. The development of enabling SB technologies offers promising solutions to deliver safe and effective antibacterial therapies. BioMed Central 2016-11-04 /pmc/articles/PMC5097395/ /pubmed/27814687 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-016-0876-3 Text en © The Author(s). 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Review Krishnamurthy, Malathy Moore, Richard T. Rajamani, Sathish Panchal, Rekha G. Bacterial genome engineering and synthetic biology: combating pathogens |
title | Bacterial genome engineering and synthetic biology: combating pathogens |
title_full | Bacterial genome engineering and synthetic biology: combating pathogens |
title_fullStr | Bacterial genome engineering and synthetic biology: combating pathogens |
title_full_unstemmed | Bacterial genome engineering and synthetic biology: combating pathogens |
title_short | Bacterial genome engineering and synthetic biology: combating pathogens |
title_sort | bacterial genome engineering and synthetic biology: combating pathogens |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5097395/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27814687 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-016-0876-3 |
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