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Changes in Neural Activity Underlying Working Memory after Computerized Cognitive Training in Older Adults

Computerized cognitive training (CCT) may counter the impact of aging on cognition, but both the efficacy and neurocognitive mechanisms underlying CCT remain controversial. In this study, 35 older individuals were randomly assigned to Cogmed adaptive working memory (WM) CCT or an active control CCT,...

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Autores principales: Tusch, Erich S., Alperin, Brittany R., Ryan, Eliza, Holcomb, Phillip J., Mohammed, Abdul H., Daffner, Kirk R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5099139/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27877122
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2016.00255
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author Tusch, Erich S.
Alperin, Brittany R.
Ryan, Eliza
Holcomb, Phillip J.
Mohammed, Abdul H.
Daffner, Kirk R.
author_facet Tusch, Erich S.
Alperin, Brittany R.
Ryan, Eliza
Holcomb, Phillip J.
Mohammed, Abdul H.
Daffner, Kirk R.
author_sort Tusch, Erich S.
collection PubMed
description Computerized cognitive training (CCT) may counter the impact of aging on cognition, but both the efficacy and neurocognitive mechanisms underlying CCT remain controversial. In this study, 35 older individuals were randomly assigned to Cogmed adaptive working memory (WM) CCT or an active control CCT, featuring five weeks of five ∼40 min sessions per week. Before and after the 5-week intervention, event-related potentials were measured while subjects completed a visual n-back task with three levels of demand (0-back, 1-back, 2-back). The anterior P3a served as an index of directing attention and the posterior P3b as an index of categorization/WM updating. We hypothesized that adaptive CCT would be associated with decreased P3 amplitude at low WM demand and increased P3 amplitude at high WM demand. The adaptive CCT group exhibited a training-related increase in the amplitude of the anterior P3a and posterior P3b in response to target stimuli across n-back tasks, while subjects in the active control CCT group demonstrated a post-training decrease in the anterior P3a. Performance did not differ between groups or sessions. Larger overall P3 amplitudes were strongly associated with better task performance. Increased post-CCT P3 amplitude correlated with improved task performance; this relationship was especially robust at high task load. Our findings suggest that adaptive WM training was associated with increased orienting of attention, as indexed by the P3a, and the enhancement of categorization/WM updating processes, as indexed by the P3b. Increased P3 amplitude was linked to improved performance; however. there was no direct association between adaptive training and improved performance.
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spelling pubmed-50991392016-11-22 Changes in Neural Activity Underlying Working Memory after Computerized Cognitive Training in Older Adults Tusch, Erich S. Alperin, Brittany R. Ryan, Eliza Holcomb, Phillip J. Mohammed, Abdul H. Daffner, Kirk R. Front Aging Neurosci Neuroscience Computerized cognitive training (CCT) may counter the impact of aging on cognition, but both the efficacy and neurocognitive mechanisms underlying CCT remain controversial. In this study, 35 older individuals were randomly assigned to Cogmed adaptive working memory (WM) CCT or an active control CCT, featuring five weeks of five ∼40 min sessions per week. Before and after the 5-week intervention, event-related potentials were measured while subjects completed a visual n-back task with three levels of demand (0-back, 1-back, 2-back). The anterior P3a served as an index of directing attention and the posterior P3b as an index of categorization/WM updating. We hypothesized that adaptive CCT would be associated with decreased P3 amplitude at low WM demand and increased P3 amplitude at high WM demand. The adaptive CCT group exhibited a training-related increase in the amplitude of the anterior P3a and posterior P3b in response to target stimuli across n-back tasks, while subjects in the active control CCT group demonstrated a post-training decrease in the anterior P3a. Performance did not differ between groups or sessions. Larger overall P3 amplitudes were strongly associated with better task performance. Increased post-CCT P3 amplitude correlated with improved task performance; this relationship was especially robust at high task load. Our findings suggest that adaptive WM training was associated with increased orienting of attention, as indexed by the P3a, and the enhancement of categorization/WM updating processes, as indexed by the P3b. Increased P3 amplitude was linked to improved performance; however. there was no direct association between adaptive training and improved performance. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-11-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5099139/ /pubmed/27877122 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2016.00255 Text en Copyright © 2016 Tusch, Alperin, Ryan, Holcomb, Mohammed and Daffner. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Tusch, Erich S.
Alperin, Brittany R.
Ryan, Eliza
Holcomb, Phillip J.
Mohammed, Abdul H.
Daffner, Kirk R.
Changes in Neural Activity Underlying Working Memory after Computerized Cognitive Training in Older Adults
title Changes in Neural Activity Underlying Working Memory after Computerized Cognitive Training in Older Adults
title_full Changes in Neural Activity Underlying Working Memory after Computerized Cognitive Training in Older Adults
title_fullStr Changes in Neural Activity Underlying Working Memory after Computerized Cognitive Training in Older Adults
title_full_unstemmed Changes in Neural Activity Underlying Working Memory after Computerized Cognitive Training in Older Adults
title_short Changes in Neural Activity Underlying Working Memory after Computerized Cognitive Training in Older Adults
title_sort changes in neural activity underlying working memory after computerized cognitive training in older adults
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5099139/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27877122
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2016.00255
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