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Effects of CO(2) laser irradiation on matrix-rich biofilm development formation–an in vitro study

BACKGROUND: A carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser has been used to morphologically and chemically modify the dental enamel surface as well as to make it more resistant to demineralization. Despite a variety of experiments demonstrating the inhibitory effect of a CO(2) laser in reduce enamel demineralizatio...

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Autores principales: Zancopé, Bruna Raquel, Dainezi, Vanessa B., Nobre-dos-Santos, Marinês, Duarte, Sillas, Pardi, Vanessa, Murata, Ramiro M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5101588/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27833792
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2458
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author Zancopé, Bruna Raquel
Dainezi, Vanessa B.
Nobre-dos-Santos, Marinês
Duarte, Sillas
Pardi, Vanessa
Murata, Ramiro M.
author_facet Zancopé, Bruna Raquel
Dainezi, Vanessa B.
Nobre-dos-Santos, Marinês
Duarte, Sillas
Pardi, Vanessa
Murata, Ramiro M.
author_sort Zancopé, Bruna Raquel
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: A carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser has been used to morphologically and chemically modify the dental enamel surface as well as to make it more resistant to demineralization. Despite a variety of experiments demonstrating the inhibitory effect of a CO(2) laser in reduce enamel demineralization, little is known about the effect of surface irradiated on bacterial growth. Thus, this in vitro study was preformed to evaluate the biofilm formation on enamel previously irradiated with a CO(2) laser (λ = 10.6 µM). METHODS: For this in vitro study, 96 specimens of bovine enamel were employed, which were divided into two groups (n = 48): 1) Control-non-irradiated surface and 2) Irradiated enamel surface. Biofilms were grown on the enamel specimens by one, three and five days under intermittent cariogenic condition in the irradiated and non-irradiated surface. In each assessment time, the biofilm were evaluated by dry weigh, counting the number of viable colonies and, in fifth day, were evaluated by polysaccharides analysis, quantitative real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) as well as by contact angle. In addition, the morphology of biofilms was characterized by fluorescence microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Initially, the assumptions of equal variances and normal distribution of errors were conferred and the results are analyzed statistically by t-test and Mann Whitney test. RESULTS: The mean of log CFU/mL obtained for the one-day biofilm evaluation showed that there is statistical difference between the experimental groups. When biofilms were exposed to the CO(2) laser, CFU/mL and CFU/dry weight in three day was reduced significantly compared with control group. The difference in the genes expression (Glucosyltransferases (gtfB) and Glucan-binding protein (gbpB)) and polysaccharides was not statically significant. Contact angle was increased relative to control when the surface was irradiated with the CO(2) laser. Similar morphology was also visible with both treatments; however, the irradiated group revealed evidence of melting and fusion in the specimens. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, CO(2) laser irradiation modifies the energy surface and disrupts the initial biofilm formation.
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spelling pubmed-51015882016-11-10 Effects of CO(2) laser irradiation on matrix-rich biofilm development formation–an in vitro study Zancopé, Bruna Raquel Dainezi, Vanessa B. Nobre-dos-Santos, Marinês Duarte, Sillas Pardi, Vanessa Murata, Ramiro M. PeerJ Biochemistry BACKGROUND: A carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser has been used to morphologically and chemically modify the dental enamel surface as well as to make it more resistant to demineralization. Despite a variety of experiments demonstrating the inhibitory effect of a CO(2) laser in reduce enamel demineralization, little is known about the effect of surface irradiated on bacterial growth. Thus, this in vitro study was preformed to evaluate the biofilm formation on enamel previously irradiated with a CO(2) laser (λ = 10.6 µM). METHODS: For this in vitro study, 96 specimens of bovine enamel were employed, which were divided into two groups (n = 48): 1) Control-non-irradiated surface and 2) Irradiated enamel surface. Biofilms were grown on the enamel specimens by one, three and five days under intermittent cariogenic condition in the irradiated and non-irradiated surface. In each assessment time, the biofilm were evaluated by dry weigh, counting the number of viable colonies and, in fifth day, were evaluated by polysaccharides analysis, quantitative real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) as well as by contact angle. In addition, the morphology of biofilms was characterized by fluorescence microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Initially, the assumptions of equal variances and normal distribution of errors were conferred and the results are analyzed statistically by t-test and Mann Whitney test. RESULTS: The mean of log CFU/mL obtained for the one-day biofilm evaluation showed that there is statistical difference between the experimental groups. When biofilms were exposed to the CO(2) laser, CFU/mL and CFU/dry weight in three day was reduced significantly compared with control group. The difference in the genes expression (Glucosyltransferases (gtfB) and Glucan-binding protein (gbpB)) and polysaccharides was not statically significant. Contact angle was increased relative to control when the surface was irradiated with the CO(2) laser. Similar morphology was also visible with both treatments; however, the irradiated group revealed evidence of melting and fusion in the specimens. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, CO(2) laser irradiation modifies the energy surface and disrupts the initial biofilm formation. PeerJ Inc. 2016-11-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5101588/ /pubmed/27833792 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2458 Text en © 2016 Zancope et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Biochemistry
Zancopé, Bruna Raquel
Dainezi, Vanessa B.
Nobre-dos-Santos, Marinês
Duarte, Sillas
Pardi, Vanessa
Murata, Ramiro M.
Effects of CO(2) laser irradiation on matrix-rich biofilm development formation–an in vitro study
title Effects of CO(2) laser irradiation on matrix-rich biofilm development formation–an in vitro study
title_full Effects of CO(2) laser irradiation on matrix-rich biofilm development formation–an in vitro study
title_fullStr Effects of CO(2) laser irradiation on matrix-rich biofilm development formation–an in vitro study
title_full_unstemmed Effects of CO(2) laser irradiation on matrix-rich biofilm development formation–an in vitro study
title_short Effects of CO(2) laser irradiation on matrix-rich biofilm development formation–an in vitro study
title_sort effects of co(2) laser irradiation on matrix-rich biofilm development formation–an in vitro study
topic Biochemistry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5101588/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27833792
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2458
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