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Lead exposure and early child neurodevelopment among children 12–24 months in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo

Childhood lead exposure remains a problem in developing countries, and little is known about its effects on early child neurodevelopment and temperament in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). We, therefore, conducted this study to determine the association between lead exposure and the neurodeve...

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Autores principales: Kashala-Abotnes, Espérance, Mumbere, Pépé Penghele, Mishika, Jeannette Mukanya, Ndjukendi, Ally Omba, Mpaka, Davin Beya, Bumoko, Makila-Mabe Guy, Kayembe, Tharcisse Kalula, Tshala-Katumbay, Désiré, Kazadi, Théodore Kayembe, Okitundu, Daniel Luwa E-Andjafono
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5102973/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27165339
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00787-016-0860-3
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author Kashala-Abotnes, Espérance
Mumbere, Pépé Penghele
Mishika, Jeannette Mukanya
Ndjukendi, Ally Omba
Mpaka, Davin Beya
Bumoko, Makila-Mabe Guy
Kayembe, Tharcisse Kalula
Tshala-Katumbay, Désiré
Kazadi, Théodore Kayembe
Okitundu, Daniel Luwa E-Andjafono
author_facet Kashala-Abotnes, Espérance
Mumbere, Pépé Penghele
Mishika, Jeannette Mukanya
Ndjukendi, Ally Omba
Mpaka, Davin Beya
Bumoko, Makila-Mabe Guy
Kayembe, Tharcisse Kalula
Tshala-Katumbay, Désiré
Kazadi, Théodore Kayembe
Okitundu, Daniel Luwa E-Andjafono
author_sort Kashala-Abotnes, Espérance
collection PubMed
description Childhood lead exposure remains a problem in developing countries, and little is known about its effects on early child neurodevelopment and temperament in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). We, therefore, conducted this study to determine the association between lead exposure and the neurodevelopment and behaviour of children aged 12–24 months in Kinshasa, DRC. A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and June 2012, and parents of 104 children were invited to participate. Blood lead levels (BLLs) of each child were tested using the flame atomic spectrophotometry method. All children were subject to a clinical examination and assessed with two selected early child neurodevelopmental tools, the Gensini–Gavito and the baby characteristics questionnaire, to measure their neurodevelopment and temperament. Detectable BLLs ranged from 1 to 30 μg/dl with a geometric mean of 6.9 (SD 4.8) μg/dl. BLLs at 5–9 and ≥10 μg/dl were significantly associated with the child temperament (p <0.05). Perinatal and maternal factors did not seem to affect early child neurodevelopment and temperament. Children exposed to lead were reported with more temperament difficulties at even blood lead levels <10 μg/dl, suggesting the need for preventive and intervention measures to reduce lead exposure among children in Kinshasa, DRC.
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spelling pubmed-51029732016-11-21 Lead exposure and early child neurodevelopment among children 12–24 months in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo Kashala-Abotnes, Espérance Mumbere, Pépé Penghele Mishika, Jeannette Mukanya Ndjukendi, Ally Omba Mpaka, Davin Beya Bumoko, Makila-Mabe Guy Kayembe, Tharcisse Kalula Tshala-Katumbay, Désiré Kazadi, Théodore Kayembe Okitundu, Daniel Luwa E-Andjafono Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry Original Contribution Childhood lead exposure remains a problem in developing countries, and little is known about its effects on early child neurodevelopment and temperament in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). We, therefore, conducted this study to determine the association between lead exposure and the neurodevelopment and behaviour of children aged 12–24 months in Kinshasa, DRC. A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and June 2012, and parents of 104 children were invited to participate. Blood lead levels (BLLs) of each child were tested using the flame atomic spectrophotometry method. All children were subject to a clinical examination and assessed with two selected early child neurodevelopmental tools, the Gensini–Gavito and the baby characteristics questionnaire, to measure their neurodevelopment and temperament. Detectable BLLs ranged from 1 to 30 μg/dl with a geometric mean of 6.9 (SD 4.8) μg/dl. BLLs at 5–9 and ≥10 μg/dl were significantly associated with the child temperament (p <0.05). Perinatal and maternal factors did not seem to affect early child neurodevelopment and temperament. Children exposed to lead were reported with more temperament difficulties at even blood lead levels <10 μg/dl, suggesting the need for preventive and intervention measures to reduce lead exposure among children in Kinshasa, DRC. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2016-05-10 2016 /pmc/articles/PMC5102973/ /pubmed/27165339 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00787-016-0860-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Original Contribution
Kashala-Abotnes, Espérance
Mumbere, Pépé Penghele
Mishika, Jeannette Mukanya
Ndjukendi, Ally Omba
Mpaka, Davin Beya
Bumoko, Makila-Mabe Guy
Kayembe, Tharcisse Kalula
Tshala-Katumbay, Désiré
Kazadi, Théodore Kayembe
Okitundu, Daniel Luwa E-Andjafono
Lead exposure and early child neurodevelopment among children 12–24 months in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo
title Lead exposure and early child neurodevelopment among children 12–24 months in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo
title_full Lead exposure and early child neurodevelopment among children 12–24 months in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo
title_fullStr Lead exposure and early child neurodevelopment among children 12–24 months in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo
title_full_unstemmed Lead exposure and early child neurodevelopment among children 12–24 months in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo
title_short Lead exposure and early child neurodevelopment among children 12–24 months in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo
title_sort lead exposure and early child neurodevelopment among children 12–24 months in kinshasa, the democratic republic of congo
topic Original Contribution
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5102973/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27165339
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00787-016-0860-3
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