Chromosomal Localization and Contribution of Three Homoeologous Genes to Biosynthesis of Cytosolic Aspartate Aminotransferase in Common Wheat

Chromosomal localization of the three homoeologous genes encoding cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase in common wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring, 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) was specified to: 3AL (0.42÷0.61), 3BL (0.38÷0.41) and 3DL (0.23÷0.81) by a comparative zymographic analysis of the enzymatic activities in deletion lines. It was also attempted to precisely explain the nature of the relationship between a number of genes encoding α and β subunits and a distribution of staining intensity of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase allozyme activity bands using aneuploid lines of common wheat with modified third pair of homoeologous chromosomes from genomes A, B and D, on which the genes encoding subunit α (genome A) and β (genome B and D) are localized. The highest consistency between the experimental results and the theoretical distributions was achieved by substituting values of α = 0.57 and β = 0.43 in a theoretical model. These results demonstrate that the individual participation of the diploid genome A in the biosynthesis of the cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase allozymes subunits is greater than the individual participation of the diploid genomes B and D.