Cargando…

Does fluoride influence oviposition of Anopheles stephensi in stored water habitats in an urban setting?

BACKGROUND: The physico-chemical characteristics of lentic aquatic habitats greatly influence mosquito species in selecting suitable oviposition sites; immature development, pupation and adult emergence, therefore are considerations for their preferred ecological niche. Correlating water quality par...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Thomas, Shalu, Ravishankaran, Sangamithra, Johnson Amala Justin, N. A., Asokan, Aswin, Maria Jusler Kalsingh, T., Mathai, Manu Thomas, Valecha, Neena, Eapen, Alex
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5103410/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27829419
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1594-x
_version_ 1782466584986517504
author Thomas, Shalu
Ravishankaran, Sangamithra
Johnson Amala Justin, N. A.
Asokan, Aswin
Maria Jusler Kalsingh, T.
Mathai, Manu Thomas
Valecha, Neena
Eapen, Alex
author_facet Thomas, Shalu
Ravishankaran, Sangamithra
Johnson Amala Justin, N. A.
Asokan, Aswin
Maria Jusler Kalsingh, T.
Mathai, Manu Thomas
Valecha, Neena
Eapen, Alex
author_sort Thomas, Shalu
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The physico-chemical characteristics of lentic aquatic habitats greatly influence mosquito species in selecting suitable oviposition sites; immature development, pupation and adult emergence, therefore are considerations for their preferred ecological niche. Correlating water quality parameters with mosquito breeding, as well as immature vector density, are useful for vector control operations in identifying and targeting potential breeding habitats. METHODS: A total of 40 known habitats of Anopheles stephensi, randomly selected based on a vector survey in parallel, were inspected for the physical and chemical nature of the aquatic environment. Water samples were collected four times during 2013, representing four seasons (i.e., ten habitats per season). The physico-chemical variables and mosquito breeding were statistically analysed to find their correlation with immature density of An. stephensi and also co-inhabitation with other mosquito species. RESULTS: Anopheles stephensi prefer water with low nitrite content and high phosphate content. Parameters such as total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, total hardness, chloride, fluoride and sulfate had a positive correlation in habitats with any mosquito species breeding (p < 0.05) and also in habitats with An. stephensi alone breeding. Fluoride was observed to have a strong positive correlation with immature density of An. stephensi in both overhead tanks and wells. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of larval ecology of vector mosquitoes is a key factor in risk assessment and for implementing appropriate and sustainable vector control operations. The presence of fluoride in potential breeding habitats and a strong positive correlation with An. stephensi immature density is useful information, as fluoride can be considered an indicator/predictor of vector breeding. Effective larval source management can be focussed on specified habitats in vulnerable areas to reduce vector abundance and malaria transmission. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1594-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5103410
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2016
publisher BioMed Central
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-51034102016-11-10 Does fluoride influence oviposition of Anopheles stephensi in stored water habitats in an urban setting? Thomas, Shalu Ravishankaran, Sangamithra Johnson Amala Justin, N. A. Asokan, Aswin Maria Jusler Kalsingh, T. Mathai, Manu Thomas Valecha, Neena Eapen, Alex Malar J Research BACKGROUND: The physico-chemical characteristics of lentic aquatic habitats greatly influence mosquito species in selecting suitable oviposition sites; immature development, pupation and adult emergence, therefore are considerations for their preferred ecological niche. Correlating water quality parameters with mosquito breeding, as well as immature vector density, are useful for vector control operations in identifying and targeting potential breeding habitats. METHODS: A total of 40 known habitats of Anopheles stephensi, randomly selected based on a vector survey in parallel, were inspected for the physical and chemical nature of the aquatic environment. Water samples were collected four times during 2013, representing four seasons (i.e., ten habitats per season). The physico-chemical variables and mosquito breeding were statistically analysed to find their correlation with immature density of An. stephensi and also co-inhabitation with other mosquito species. RESULTS: Anopheles stephensi prefer water with low nitrite content and high phosphate content. Parameters such as total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, total hardness, chloride, fluoride and sulfate had a positive correlation in habitats with any mosquito species breeding (p < 0.05) and also in habitats with An. stephensi alone breeding. Fluoride was observed to have a strong positive correlation with immature density of An. stephensi in both overhead tanks and wells. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of larval ecology of vector mosquitoes is a key factor in risk assessment and for implementing appropriate and sustainable vector control operations. The presence of fluoride in potential breeding habitats and a strong positive correlation with An. stephensi immature density is useful information, as fluoride can be considered an indicator/predictor of vector breeding. Effective larval source management can be focussed on specified habitats in vulnerable areas to reduce vector abundance and malaria transmission. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1594-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2016-11-09 /pmc/articles/PMC5103410/ /pubmed/27829419 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1594-x Text en © The Author(s) 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Thomas, Shalu
Ravishankaran, Sangamithra
Johnson Amala Justin, N. A.
Asokan, Aswin
Maria Jusler Kalsingh, T.
Mathai, Manu Thomas
Valecha, Neena
Eapen, Alex
Does fluoride influence oviposition of Anopheles stephensi in stored water habitats in an urban setting?
title Does fluoride influence oviposition of Anopheles stephensi in stored water habitats in an urban setting?
title_full Does fluoride influence oviposition of Anopheles stephensi in stored water habitats in an urban setting?
title_fullStr Does fluoride influence oviposition of Anopheles stephensi in stored water habitats in an urban setting?
title_full_unstemmed Does fluoride influence oviposition of Anopheles stephensi in stored water habitats in an urban setting?
title_short Does fluoride influence oviposition of Anopheles stephensi in stored water habitats in an urban setting?
title_sort does fluoride influence oviposition of anopheles stephensi in stored water habitats in an urban setting?
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5103410/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27829419
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1594-x
work_keys_str_mv AT thomasshalu doesfluorideinfluenceovipositionofanophelesstephensiinstoredwaterhabitatsinanurbansetting
AT ravishankaransangamithra doesfluorideinfluenceovipositionofanophelesstephensiinstoredwaterhabitatsinanurbansetting
AT johnsonamalajustinna doesfluorideinfluenceovipositionofanophelesstephensiinstoredwaterhabitatsinanurbansetting
AT asokanaswin doesfluorideinfluenceovipositionofanophelesstephensiinstoredwaterhabitatsinanurbansetting
AT mariajuslerkalsinght doesfluorideinfluenceovipositionofanophelesstephensiinstoredwaterhabitatsinanurbansetting
AT mathaimanuthomas doesfluorideinfluenceovipositionofanophelesstephensiinstoredwaterhabitatsinanurbansetting
AT valechaneena doesfluorideinfluenceovipositionofanophelesstephensiinstoredwaterhabitatsinanurbansetting
AT eapenalex doesfluorideinfluenceovipositionofanophelesstephensiinstoredwaterhabitatsinanurbansetting